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Datatech Enterprises Apex 386/25 User Manual

25mhz 286 system
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K E E N - 2 5 3 0
25MHz 286™ SYSTEM
U
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Summary of Contents for Datatech Enterprises Apex 386/25

  • Page 1 K E E N - 2 5 3 0 25MHz 286™ SYSTEM ser’s Manual...
  • Page 2 The following does not apply to any country where such provisions are inconsistent with local law: We make no warranties with respect to this documentation either express or implied and provides it “as is”. This includes but is not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
  • Page 3 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement Radio Frequency Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
  • Page 4 Reconfiguring • To keep the computer from being damaged, NEVER recon- figure the board while the power is ON. • If you wish to reconfigure the computer at any time, ensure that the power is turned OFF before changing any hardware set- tings, such as DIP switches or jumpers.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Chapter 1 System Overview ........1-1 Introduction .
  • Page 6 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System ....... . 1 2-1 PEM-2530 Motherboard 80386 CPU .
  • Page 7 Chapter 3 Operating Your System ....... . 1 3-1 An Introduction to DOS Loading DOS .
  • Page 8 Chapter 4 Keyboard ..........1 4-1 Keyboard Layout .
  • Page 9 Chapter 6 Appendix ..........1 6-l Installing Disk Drives Installing 5.25 Disk Drives .
  • Page 10 Chapter 1 System Overview ........1 Figure 1-1 : Quick Start .
  • Page 11 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System ....... . 1 Figure 2-1 : PEM-2530 Motherboard Layout Figure 2-2: Installing 80387 .
  • Page 12 Chapter 4 Keyboard ..........1 Figure 4-1: Keyboard Layout Figure 4-2: Function Keys .
  • Page 13 Chapter 1 System Overview ........1 Table 1-1 : Power Cord Specifications .
  • Page 14 Chapter 6 Appendix ..........1 Table 6-1: Jumper W1 and Switch SW1 Settings Table 6-2: Jumper W2 .
  • Page 15 What’s Inside Here’s what you’ll find in this manual: Chapter 1 — “System Overview”, gets you acquainted with the basic concepts of your system. Chapter 2 — Setting Up Your System”, shows you how to install or upgrade your system. Chapter 3 —...
  • Page 16 How to Use this Manual For the advanced user If you are an experienced PC user and do not want to upgrade your system now and you want to start using your personal computer as soon as possible, refer to the Quick Start section at the beginning of chapter one.

  • Page 17: System Overview

    System Overview Chapter...

  • Page 18: System Overview

    This chapter covers: the basics of your system the system’s features and specifications control panel features and connectors outside of the case how to maintain your computer If you are an experienced user who wants to get to work as soon as possible, the Quick Start section at the beginning of this chapter provides you all the information you need to set up the hardware.

  • Page 19: Introduction

    1-1 Introduction This manual will guide you through the setup of your computer and provide the information necessary to tailor the system to fit your needs. If you are a novice, you will be able to have your computer up and running with a minimum of fuss.

  • Page 20: Quick Start

    1-2 Quick Start If you are an experienced user anxious to stat-t using your computer, observe the figure below to set up your personal computer. You will still want to use this manual later as a reference book. Note: Save all packing materials in case you need to ship or resell your computer in the future.

  • Page 21: Features

    1-3 Features A brief description of your system is given below: • Intel 80386-25 microprocessor with 80387-25 or Weitek WTL3167-25 coprocessors optional. • Dual speeds of 12.5 and 25MHz, switchable by either software or hardware switches. • A maximum 16MB 32-bit DRAM subsystem — four SIP RAM modules onboard and a PEI-306 local 32-bit memory card •...

  • Page 22: Specifications

    1-4 Specifications CPU — Intel 80386 microprocessor, 25MHz RAM -RAM subsystem of 1MB, 2MB, 4MB and 8MB optional Maximum: 16MB with the PEI-306 RAM Card ROM — 64 or 128KB legal BIOS Expansion slots — One 32-bit, five 16-bit, two 8-bit Disk Drive(s) —Three 5.25”...

  • Page 23: Example Of A System Configuration

    1-5 Example of a System Configuration The basic system is pictured below. You may choose peripherals and upgrades for the system as your needs require. Even if your system is different from the one pictured, it should operate in the same basic manner.

  • Page 24: L-6 System Unit

    1-6 System Unit The system unit may house a motherboard, disk drives, a power supply and other optional expansion cards. Figure 1-3: System Unit Case Chapter 1: System Overview...

  • Page 25: Control Panel

    1-7 Control Panel The control panel provides several useful functions which are ex- plained below. You are likely to use the front panel frequently, so let’s start there. Figure 14: Front Panel Reset Button The reset button allows you to restart the system without turning the power off.

  • Page 26: Keyboard Lock

    Keyboard Lock The keyboard lock enables or disables the keyboard. In the unlock mode the keyboard is activated. In the lock mode, the keyboard is disabled to deny unauthorized user’s access to the computer. Figure 1-5: 1 Keyboard lock and Two Security-Lock Keys System Power Switch The system power switch is located on the right side of the case toward the rear.

  • Page 27: Rear Panel

    1-8 Rear Panel The rear panel has all the connections that lead from the system unit to external peripherals and the power source. Turn off all power switches before connecting or disconnecting cables/wires! En- sure that cables/wires are attached to the external device first and connected to the outlet unit later.

  • Page 28: Keyboard Connector

    Keyboard Connector The keyboard supplied with your system can be plugged into sockets at back of the case. Plug the keyboard cable into the socket as shown below. Figure 1-8: Connecting the Keyboard Cable Chapter 7: System Overview...

  • Page 29: Power Cord Connector

    Power Cord Connector The power supply has two receptacles: one supplies power to a monitor; the other connects to the main power source. Yet, if your monitor power plug does not fit the system unit’s monitor power outlet, you should plug it into a wall electrical outlet. Figure 1-9: System Power Cord Chapter 1: System Overview...

  • Page 30: Display Port

    Display Port You will also need to connect your monitor to the system unit at a female display port in one of the expansion slots as shown on the previous page. To attach the monitor cable to the video port, plug the cable into the port and screw the cable connector down securely.

  • Page 31: Power Voltage Setting

    Power Voltage Setting Your system can be used with either a 115 or 230-volt power source. You can choose the appropriate setting with the switch located above the monitor power receptacle. The switch slides back and forth to show which setting is being used Figure 1-11: Voltage Switch Power Cord Specification When you are using the PC in American areas, switch the voltage...

  • Page 32: Other Peripherals

    1-9 Other Peripherals To connect other peripherals (printers, modems, etc.) determine which ports are to be used by referring to your expansion card manuals or peripheral manuals. You may consult your dealer for more about the expansion cards available for your system. Typical peripherals are shown in Figure 1-12.

  • Page 33: Disk Drives

    1-10 Disk Drives You can install up to three 5.25” and two 3.5” disk drives in the system unit. More information about how to install disk drives may be found in Chapter 6. Figure 1-13: Floppy and Hard Disk Drive Bays Chapter 1: System Overview...

  • Page 34: Floppy Disks

    Floppy Disks With a floppy disk drive you can format and use double-sided (or single-sided) double-density (or high-density) floppy disks. One double-sided double-density 5.25” floppy disk can store up to 360KB of data. One double-sided high-density 5.25” floppy disk can One standard 3.5’...

  • Page 35: Figure 1-14: Copy Protection For 3.5" Floppy Disk

    Copy Protection A tab on the 3.5” diskette is used for protection of data. This is a mechanical method of protecting the disk from additions, deletions and alterations of existing data. The figure below shows a diskette with the write protect tab. To enable write protection, slide the tab toward the outermost position so that you can see through the write protect hole.

  • Page 36: Hard Disks

    Hard Disks Your system is very powerful and versatile. To make full use of all its capabilities, it is best to use a hard disk. A hard disk can raise your efficiency because the hard disk keeps programs and data available at your fingertips.

  • Page 37: Keyboard

    1-11 Keyboard Your keyboard has a set of function keys, cursor keys and a numeric keypad. The figure below shows a typical keyboard. Refer to Chapter 4 for a more detailed description of the keyboard. Figure 1- 16: Keyboard Chapter 1: System Overview...

  • Page 38: Maintaining Your Equipment

    1-12 Maintaining Your Equipment Read and follow carefully all the instructions and warnings in this manual and on these products! Only use a damp cloth to clean your system unit and monitor case. Do not use detergents! Position your system unit, monitor and cables/wires away from direct sunlight, moisture, dust, oil, and thoroughfares.

  • Page 39: Setting Up Your System

    Setting Up Your System...

  • Page 40: Setting Up Your System

    Setting Up Your System In this chapter you will learn about: how to assemble a knocked-down system how to upgrade your system Setting up a system is easy and takes only a short time. If your dealer has set up your system for you, you can skip this chapter. With the system setup you are now ready to load your application software and begin to work.

  • Page 41: Pem-2530 Motherboard

    2-1 PEM-2530 Motherboard Your motherboard contains an Intel® 80386-25 microprocessor, a math coprocessor socket, BIOS chips and expansion slots. The figure below will familiarize you with the layout of the PEM-2530 Mainboard. Figure 2-1: PEM-2530 Motherboard Layout Chapter 2: Setting Up your System...

  • Page 42: 80386 Cpu

    80386 CPU The PEM-2530 uses an Intel Corporation 80386-25 microprocessor running at 25MHz. The 80386 has a number of features enabling a substantial leap in processing power and capability over the 80286- standard microprocessor used in AT-type microcomputers. Aside from being able to execute 80286 programs more quickly, the 80386 is capable of concurrent processing, hardware-based multitasking, the creation of 8086 “virtual machines”...

  • Page 43: Math Coprocessor

    Math Coprocessor An optional Intel 80387-25 or the daughter board Weitek WTL3167-25 coprocessor can be installed on the PEM-2530 to accelerate process- ing of calculation-intensive applications. The empty square socket for the coprocessor is located on the left side of the mainboard beside the two BIOS chips.

  • Page 44: Figure 2-2: Installing 80387

    Figure 2-2: Installing 80387 Figure 2-3: Installing WTL3 167-25 Chapter 2: Setting Up Your System...

  • Page 45: Expansion Bus

    Expansion Bus The PEM-2530 has one 32-bit, five 16-bit and two 8-bit slots. To ensure complete compatibility with all types of memory expansion cards, the bus clock is wait-state selectable for either 8 or 16-bit I/O interfaces. The long 32-bit slot is for 32-bit memory expansion card using SIMM- type DRAM.

  • Page 46: Ram Subsystem

    RAM Subsystem One PEI-306 RAM Card can be installed in the 32-bit slot as shown below. The RAM card utilizes local-access technology to achieve the highest performance. Note that the upper limit for local memory is 16MB. For more detailed information, refer to the PEI-306 user’s manual and the PEI-306 section in Chapter 6.

  • Page 47: Jumper Settings For Connectors

    Jumper Settings for Connectors Following is a brief explanation of the various functions of a control panel that the PEM-2530 supports and some of the jumpers which may be connected: Keyboard Lock (Jumper J1) Jumper J1 is used to enable the use of the keyboard and the power LED.

  • Page 48: Figure 2-7: Jumper W5 Pinouts

    Turbo LED (Jumper WS) Jumper W5 is used to connect a Turbo LED. You may connect either pins one and two or two and three. The Turbo LED in the hardware switch indicates operation in the Turbo mode. Jumper W5 Pinouts Figure 2-7: Jumper W5 Pinouts Turbo Switch (Jumper W4) The Turbo switch allows you to toggle the speed of the microprocessor...

  • Page 49: Figure 2-8: Jumper J3 Pinouts

    Speaker Connector (Jumper J3) Jumper J3 is used to connect a speaker. When the four pins are in a closed circuit, the speaker is functional. Refer to the figure below for the pinouts of jumper J3. Figure 2-8: Jumper J3 Pinouts Video Selection (Jumper W6) Jumper W6 is used to select display mode.

  • Page 50: Shadow Ram

    Shadow RAM For higher performance, the PEM-2530 has two shadow RAM func- tions. We have released DTK and Phoenix (under the authorization of Phoenix) BIOS, and one program on a diskette for your convenience. Shadow RAM is one of the advanced features of the PEM-2530. Your BIOS or diskette will support the following: A 64KB DRAM space allocated for BIOS shadow RAM •...

  • Page 51: Table 2-7: Shadow Ram Control Ports

    If you use DTK or Phoenix BIOS with shadow RAM, you can enable or disable these two shadow RAM functions through your BIOS setup. Refer to the system setup manual for more information. Table 2-7: Shadow RAM Control Ports If your BIOS does not support shadow RAM, and you may use the program resident in the diskette included with this mainboard to set up the shadow RAM driver.

  • Page 52: Onboard System Memory Size

    Onboard System Memory Size The PEMT2630 mainboard can accommodate up to 8MB DRAM on- board of module RAM (41256,44256 end 411000 types). If necessary, the PEI-306 RAM Board can increase system memory to a total of 16MB. The PEM-2630 has a 30-pin single-in-line socket for SIP module RAM. Remember that when module RAM is inserted into the sockets, you must make sure that pin 1 of a module is lined up with pin 1 of its socket.

  • Page 53: Figure 2-12: Dip Switch Sw1

    Switch DIP switch- SW1 on the mainboard is shown below in side and top Figure 2-12: Dip Switch SW1 Memory Size Four types of module RAM can be installed on the PEM-2530 main- board. SW1 -1 and SW1 -2 are use to select onboard DRAM type. See the tables below and the figures on the following pages.
  • Page 54 Restrictions You should observe the specifications below: 411000 and 44256 CMOS RAM modules with 80ns access Ž time. 41256 NMOS RMA modules with 60ns access time. Ž All module RAM must be page mode or page/static column Ž mode type. The following are some recommended RAM modules.

  • Page 55: 1Mb Total Onboard Memory

    1 MB Total Onboard Memory Figure 2-13: 1 MB Total Onboard Memory Chapter 2: Setting Up your System...

  • Page 56: 2Mb Total Onboard Memory

    2MB Total Onboard Memory Figure 2-14: 2MB Total Onboard Memory Chapter 2: Setting Up Your System...

  • Page 57: 4Mb Total Onboard Memory

    4MB Total Onboard Memory Figure 2-15: 4MB Total Onboard Memory Chapter 2: Setting Up your System...

  • Page 58: 8Mb Total Onboard Memory

    8MB Total Onboard Memory Component Side Solder Side Figure 2-16: 8MB Total Onboard Memory Note that 1 Mbit x36 type RAM module are to be inerted back to back. Make sure pin one of the RAM module printed circuit board is lined up with pin one of the socket.

  • Page 59: 32-Bit Local Memory Size

    32-bit Local Memory Size Switches 3 and 4 of SW1 are used to select local memory size (total onboard 32-bit memory plus the 32-bit memory on the PEI-306). Note that the settings are for 32-bit memory sizes less than or equal to the memory sizes indicated in the table.

  • Page 60: Starting Address

    Starting Address Refer to the followinn tables to find corresponding starting addresses for an AT-bus RAM card and a PEI-306 RAM card: Table 2-10: Starting Address of AT- Bus RAM Card The 32-bit local memory is four pieces of onboard SIP-type DRAM plus a PEI-306 RAM card which is provided by DTK.

  • Page 61: Factory Default Settings

    Factory Default Settings Because of the large number of jumpers and options on the PEM-2530 board, you are advised to start with the factory default settings and to make experimental modifications from that point. The following table shows the factory default settings. Monochrome Table 2-12: Factory Default Settings Chapter 2: Setting Up your System...

  • Page 62: Installation

    2-2 Installation The time may come when you want to upgrade your system. To do so, you may need to remove the cover of the unit. This is easily ac- complished with the following tools: a small flat-blade screwdriver and a small Philips screwdriver.

  • Page 63: Connection To Power Supply

    Connection to Power Supply If you are installing the PEM-2530 yourself, the final step is attaching the power supply cable to the mainboard at connector CON7. On the left side of the power supply are some cables. Find the two six-pin plastic connectors (the four-pin connectors are for the disk drives).

  • Page 64: Choosing A Power Supply

    Choosing a Power Supply A 200W power supply is installed in your system. But, if you need to purchase a power supply in a later time, the following information will be of interest. The power supply provides a “power-good” signal to indicate proper operation of the power supply.

  • Page 65: Entering 25Mhz Turbo Mode

    2-3 Entering 25MHz Turbo Mode The PEM-2530 supports both a software and hardware switch to toggle between 12.5MHz and 25MHz (Turbo) modes. The two switches are set up using jumper W4 and are mutually exclusive. You must choose which one you prefer if you are setting up the board yourself.

  • Page 66: Operating Your System

    Operating Your System Chapter...

  • Page 67: Operating Your System

    Operating Your System In this chapter you will learn: a few MS-DOS functions the basics of the system setup program The software that your system will use falls into two categories. First there is the operating system, the language that tells the system what to do.

  • Page 68: An Introduction To Dos

    3-1 An Introduction to DOS DOS stands for Disk Operating System. This is a set of commands used to control the operations of a computer and its peripheral com- ponents. DOS makes it easy for you to use applications and create and manage files on your computer.

  • Page 69: Dos Operations

    3-2 DOS Operations Following is a brief explanation of a few DOS functions. If you want a detailed explanation of all the DOS commands, refer to your DOS user manual. Starting MS-DOS If you are using a hard disk with DOS already installed, the computer will “boot”...

  • Page 70: Formatting Disks

    Formatting Disks You must format a floppy disk before it can be used. Formatting high-density disk: To format a high-density disk, type the following at the drive prompt: After your disk has been formatted, you will see the following prompt: Press <N>...

  • Page 71: Backing Up Your Diskettes And Files

    Backing up your Diskettes and Files In order not to lose your files through disk damage or accidental deletion it is important to back up all your files and diskettes regularly. Backing up a diskette on a two-floppy disk drive system: At the A>...

  • Page 72: Deleting Your Diskettes And Files

    Deleting your Diskettes and Files You may want to erase diskettes or unnecessary files to make room for other data. Erasing a diskette: To erase a whole directory of files, type the following at the drive prompt: All the files in the open directory are now erased. Deleting a file: To delete a single file, type the following at the drive prompt: Chapter 3: Operating Your System...

  • Page 73: Finding Out What Is On Your Disk

    Finding Out What is on Your Disk If you want to find out what files are on a disk, you can list its directory by using the <D/R> command. If you want to display the directory of the disk in drive A, you would use the following command: DIR A: After you hit the enter key, all the file information will be displayed on the screen.

  • Page 74: Hard Disk Drive Format

    3-3 Hard Disk Drive Format A hard disk must be formatted before it can be read from or written to. If your hard disk requires this, you should carry out the following steps: Step 1 — Preformat The preformat utility is supplied by the system BIOS. You can press <Esc>...

  • Page 75: Step 3 - Format

    Step 3 — Format The DOS command “Format”verifies the media and moves the system file onto the hard disk drive. The command should be keyed in as: A> FORMAT C:/S If you have two partition, you have to format D in DOS prompt. The command should be keyed in as: A>...

  • Page 76: Helpful Hints

    3-4 Helpful Hints The following may save you some time or help you as you use your computer. • Make copies of your diskettes regularly. To make sure that a command works, you should: • Refer to the DOS Reference for additional information if a command still doesn’t work.

  • Page 77: System Setup Program

    3-5 System Setup Program A system setup program is included in your BIOS on the motherboard. The setup program is used to key in the configuration you want for your system. Specifically, you can set the date, time, base memory, expan- sion memory, number of floppy and hard disk drives and display configuration as well as get information on hard disk types.

  • Page 78: Entering The Setup Program

    Entering the Setup Program There are two ways to enter the setup program: by pressing <F1> or by pressing <ESC> . 1. Pressing <F1> to Enter the Setup Program You will need to press <F1, to enter the setup program in the following situations: •...

  • Page 79: Figure 3-1: Initial Screen

    2. Pressing <ESC> to Enter the Setup Program If you want to set up special functions provided by BIOS or reconfigure your system, you will need to enter the setup program. After starting your computer, press the <Esc> key quickly before the RAM test finishes.

  • Page 80: Running The Setup Program

    Running the Setup Program The menu of the setup program highlights the selected command. You can use the up < # > and down < $ > arrows to select the desired item. Pressing the enter key < 8 screen. If the option on the screen does not match your configuration, you have two ways to make modifications.

  • Page 81: Figure 3-2: "Set Up System Configuration" Screen

    1. Setting Up System Configuration If you choose item 1 from the screen on the previous page to configure your system, the following will appear: ROM SETUP PROGRAM VERSION 2.0 (C) COPYRIGHT DATATECH ENTERPRISES CO., LTD 1990. RIGHTS SYSTEM 2. CURRENT TIME:[ 05:30:00] 3.

  • Page 82: Figure 3-3: "Preformat Hard Disk" Screen

    2. Preformatting Hard Disk If you want to preformat your hard disks, reenter the setup program by pressing <Esc>, and select item 2 on the initial screen. The program will then proceed as below: ROM SETUP PROGRAM VERSION 2.0 (C) COPYRIGHT DATATECH ENTERPRISES CO., LTD 1990. Figure 3-3: “Preformat Hard Disk”...

  • Page 83: Figure 3-4: Calculator

    3. Setting Up Built-in Utilities three system utilities, a calculator, a hard disk park, and a timer, are in your system BIOS. These utilities are enabled by the setup pro- gram. Note that these utilities can be used in the 80-column text display mode only.
  • Page 84 4. Setting Up Password Selecting item 4 in the initial setup menu will lead you to set up a system password. A password can deny unauthorized users access to the computer. You can key in a password with a maximum of seven alphanumeric units.

  • Page 85: Keyboard

    Keyboard Chapter...
  • Page 86 In this chapter you will learn: the basics of your keyboard and its functions how to adjust your keyboard angle A computer keyboard sends messages from you to the computer. It has: • QWERTY keys • Function keys • Cursor control keys •...

  • Page 87: Keyboard Layout

    4-1 Keyboard Layout Currently several of keyboard styles are available for PC/AT/XT com- patible computers. The most popular are the PC keyboard, the PC/AT keyboard, and the enhanced keyboard. Figure 4-1 below illustrates the basic layout of a typical enhanced keyboard. Keyboard Function Keys QWERTY Key Area...

  • Page 88: Getting Acquainted With Your Keyboard

    4-2 Getting Acquainted with Your Keyboard Before you begin using your computer, you should become familiar with some keyboard functions. Your keyboard is divided into six sections. Refer to the previous page for the layout. The following gives an explanation of these keys. Function Keys These are located on the left or at the top of the keyboard.
  • Page 89 Keys Turns on and off the numeric mode on the numeric keypad Used for division operations. Used for multiplication operations. Used for subtraction operations. Activating Num Lock makes 7 operative. Home returns cursor to the beginning of the line it is on. Activating Num Lock makes 8 operative.

  • Page 90: Mode Lndicator Lights

    Mode Indicator Lights In addition to the character, number and control keys, every keyboard has three lights that indicate the typing mode. These lights and their functions are explained as follows: Figure 4-4: indicator Lights Caps Lock When this light is on, characters are in uppercase mode. Num Lock When this light is off, the cursor-control function of the numeric keypad is disabled and the numeric mode is activated.

  • Page 91: Special Keys

    Special Keys Below are some special keys on your keyboard. Figure 4-5: Special Keys Check out the above key functions in the table below and in Table 4-l. Table 4-2: Functions of Special Keys Chapter: 4: Keyboard Keys Function Pressing this key together with the shift key will print all data on the screen.

  • Page 92: Qwerty Keys

    QWERTY Keys These are the same keys which are used on a typewriter. Figure 4-6: QWERTY Keys Keys Performs a tab function similar to that of a typewriter. Changes lowercase letters to capitals. Moves cursor back one space and erases characters. Pressing this key activates uppercase letters;...

  • Page 93: Cursor Keys

    Cursor Keys These keys move the cursor in the indicated direction. Figure 4-7: Cursor Keys Key Combinations The keys shown below have special functions when pressed simul- taneously. Table 4-4: Special Functions Chapter: 4: Keyboard Keys Both keys should be used together stop a program while it's running.

  • Page 94: Keyboard Tilt Adjustment

    4-3 Keyboard Tilt Adjustment Under the rear of the keyboard are two small legs that can be pulled out or pushed in to change the keyboard angles to suit you. Figure 4-8: Adjustment of Keyboard Angles Chapter 4: Keyboard...

  • Page 95: Troubleshooting

    Troubleshooting Chapter...
  • Page 96 In this chapter you will learn about: the basics of how to solve software/hardware problems when to get technical help for your computer Your computer has been designed to last for years of optimum perfor- mance. But if some problems do occur, more likely than not you will be able to solve them by referring to this chapter.

  • Page 97: Command Problems

    5-1 Command Problems Often what appears to be a big problem is in fact just a matter of a small oversight. Before taking your computer to the shop for major surgery, check the following items: Chapter 5: Troubleshooting Make sure that all devices (computer and peripherals) have power and are turned on.
  • Page 98 Are you using a startup disk? Is your disk formatted? Is the system configuration correct? Are all the external and internal connectors are con- nected well? Make sure that you are running software compatible with your display port, because some software programs can only run on the MGA display mode.

  • Page 99: System Error Messages

    5-2 System Error Messages Basically there are three levels of system error messages that you might see displayed on your computer. These are related to the software you use. The following are the ones most commonly en- countered. Software error messages are a result of: Software lockup;...

  • Page 100: Examples Of System Error Messages

    Examples of System Error Messages System crash The cursor cannot be moved and does not respond to the keyboard. This could indicate a software crash. Mark where you are in your document. Reboot your system and reload your software. Scroll the cursor to where you last saved your data.

  • Page 101: System Bios Error Messages

    5-3 System BIOS Error Messages ROM B/OS Checksum Error — Indicates an invalid ROM BIOS failure. 8254 Error — Indicates a 8264 timer controller failure. 8237 Error — Indicates a 8237 DMA controller failure. 74612 Error — Indicates a 74612 page register failure. 8259 Error —...
  • Page 102 Keyboard Error User Check — Indicates the disconnection of the keyboard from the sys- tem or a keyboard device failure. Parity Error but Segment not Found, Press any Key to Continue — Indicates that the NMI circuit has detected a RAM parity error.

  • Page 103: Appendix

    Appendix Chapter...
  • Page 104 This chapter provides: technical information information on disk drive installation information on moving your computer information on memory expansion with a PEI-306 RAM card This manual is not a technical reference manual. This chapter provides some technical information about your system, but if you need more, check out at a technical library or bookstore.

  • Page 105: Installing 5.25 Disk Drives

    6-1 Installing Disk Drives Three 5.25” and two 3.5” disk drives may be installed in the system unit. Installation of a hard disk is essentially the same as that for a floppy disk. You may at sometime want to add to or change your floppy or hard disk drives.
  • Page 106 Slide the disk drive, back end first, into the disk drive bay and fasten it to the chassis. Figure 6-2: lnstalling 5.25 Disk Drives Chapter 6: Appendix...

  • Page 107: Installing 3.5" Disk Drives

    Installing 3.5” Disk Drives The installation of a 3.5” disk drive is similar to that of a 5.25” disk drive. • First, fasten the bracket to the drives. Figure 6-3: Fastening the bracket to 3.5 Disk Drives • Next, place the disk drive inside the bay and fasten the brackets to the chassis.

  • Page 108: Connecting Cables To Disk Drives

    Connecting Cables to Disk Drives After you have screwed the disk drive securely in the disk drive bay, you should connect the floppy/hard disk controller cables, the data cable of the hard disk drive as well as one of the four cables from the power supply.

  • Page 109: Connecting Cables To Floppy Disk Drives

    Connecting Cables to Floppy Disk Drives • First, connect the four-wire power cable to the disk drive. Figure 6-6 : Connecting to a Floppy Disk Drive • Then, connect the controller cable: one end to floppy disks and the other end to the FDC card with the colored-line side of the cable attached to pin 1of the connector on the FDC card.

  • Page 110: Connecting Cables To Hard Disks

    Connecting Cables to Hard disks • First, connect the four-wire power cable to the disk drive. Figure 6-8: Connecting to a Hard Disk Drive • next, connect the cable: one end to the disk drives and the other end to the HDC card with the colored-line side of the cable attached to pin 1 of the connector on the HDC card.

  • Page 111: Removal

    Figure 6-11: Connecting Cables to Hard Disk Drives Follow the same procedure for any additional drives you want to install. Removal To remove a drive, just reverse the procedure described above. Dis- connect the cables, undo the screws ,slide the disk drive out and remove the mounting guides or bracket.

  • Page 112: Quick Reference For Jumper Settings

    6-2 Quick Reference for Jumper Settings W1 — DRAM type selection Table 6-1: Jumper Wl and Switch SW1 Settings W2 and W3 — memory I/O wait state selection Table 6-2: Jumper W2 Table 6-3: Jumper W3 (44256x4+41256x2) x4 Module RAM Chapter 6: Appendix...

  • Page 113: Table 6-4: Jumper W4

    W4 — running speed Table 6- 4: Jumper W4 W5 — Turbo LED W6 — video selection 1 & 2 shorted — mono 2 & 3 shorted -color W7 — math coprocessor 1 & 2 shorted — install 2 & 3 shorted — not install W8 —...

  • Page 114: Expanding Your Memory With A Pei-306 Ram Card

    6-3 Expanding Your Memory with a PEI-306 RAM Card The PEI-306 RAM Card is a flexible memory solution for your system’s motherboard. It can be installed in a 32-bit expansion slot designed for this purpose. he PEI-306 RAM Card makes use of a combination of 256KB and MB SIMM modules which allow for up to 12MB of memory for maximum expandability.

  • Page 115: Card Setup

    1 Card Setup Memory Banks The PEI-306 RAM Card memory is divided into three banks. At the very least, bank 0 must be full for the card to function. By setting DIP switch SW1 and jumpers Wl - W3 the PEI-306 RAM Card can be set up with a minimum of 1 MB and a maximum of 12MB memory.
  • Page 116 Jumper Settings Jumpers W1 - W3 allow you to set the DRAM type of banks 0 - 2 for either 411000 RAM or 41256 RAM. Jumper W1 selects bank 0, W2 selects bank 1 and W3 selects bank 2. The three banks must be filled with the same type of RAM: either 41266 or 411000.

  • Page 117: Total System Memory Size

    DRAM Chip Speed Your mainboard has a clock speed which requires the use of 80ns DRAM on the PEI-306 RAM Board. Both types of DRAM (256KB and 1MB) are available in both speeds so you can take full advantage of the RAM Boards various configura- tions.
  • Page 118 Note : means “ON” and means “OFF”.
  • Page 119 Note means “ON” means “OFF”.

  • Page 120: Installing Your Pei-306 Ram Card

    Installing Your PEI-306 RAM Card Having ensured that the power to the system is switched OFF,open your computer. You will see expansion slots on your mainboard as below: Figure 6-14: 32-Bit Expansion Slot for PEI-306 RAM Card Chapter 6: Appendix...

  • Page 121: Figure 6-15: Installing A Pei-306 Ram Card

    Expansion Slots and Before you install the PEI-306 RAM Card in your computer, make sure the computer is unplugged, and remove any static electric charge from your body by placing one hand on the power supply box inside your computer. Pick up the card by its non-conductive edges.

  • Page 122: Moving Your Computer And Peripherals

    6-4 Moving Your Computer and Peripherals Your personal computer and its peripheral components are highly sensitive machines that can be damaged easily through bad shipping and handling. We recommend that you take the following steps before moving the equipment to another location. Short Move An example of this is moving from one location to another in the same building.

  • Page 123: Technical Information

    6-5 Technical Information I Overview The PEM-2530 incorporates the Intel 80386 microprocessor as the basis of its 32-bit architecture. The 25MHz speed of the microproces- sor, coupled with the performance benefits of the 32-bii architecture, provide exceptional performance well beyond the reach of most per- sonal computer products currently using 16bit architectures.

  • Page 124: System Timers

    System Timers The system has three programmable timer/counters controlled by a VLSI-VL82C100 peripheral controller that encloses the Intel 8254-2 chip. These are channels 0 through 2 defined as follows: Channel 0 GATE 0 CLK OUT 0 Table 6-9: Channel 0 -System Timer Channel 1 GATE 1 CLK IN 1...

  • Page 125: System Interrupts

    System Interrupts Sixteen levels of system interrupts are provided by the 80386 NMI as weII as the VLSI-VL82C 100 that encloses the two 8259A Interrupt Controller chips. The following shows the interrupt-level assignments, decreasing priority: Level Microprocessor NMI Interrupt Controllers CTLR1 IRQ 0 IRQ 1...

  • Page 126: Rom Subsystem

    ROM Subsystem The ROM subsystem has a 32K or 64K by 16-bit arrangement consist- ing of two 32K by 8-bit ROM/EPROM modules. The odd and even address codes reside in separate modules. The top of the first megabyte and the bottom of the last megabyte address space is assigned to ROM (hex 0F 0000 and hex FF0000).

  • Page 127: Direct Memory Access

    Direct Memory Access The VLSI-VL82C100 that encloses the two Intel 8237-5 DMA controller chips (four channels in each chip) are used to provide eight DMA channels. The DMA channels are assigned as follows: Table 6-13: DMA Channels DMA Channels Channels 0 through 3 are contained in DMA controller 1. Transfers of 8-bit data, 8-bit I/O adapters and 8-bit or 16-bit system memory are supported by these channels.

  • Page 128: Table 614: Addresses For The Page Register

    The addresses for the page register are as follows: Page Register DMA Channel 0 DMA Channel 1 DMA Channel 2 DMA Channel 3 DMA Channel 5 DMA Channel 6 DMA Channel 7 Refresh Table 614: Addresses for the Page Register Address generation for the DMA channels is as follows: Table 6-15: Address Generation for DMA Channels 3 Through 0 Note: To generate the addressing signal “byte high enable”...

  • Page 129: I/O Channel Slots

    I/O Channel Slots The l/O channel supports: • Refresh of system memory from channel micro-processors • Selection of data accesses (either 8 or 16-bit) • Interrupts • 24-bit memory addresses (16MB) • I/O wait-state generation • I/O address space hex 100 to hex 3FF •...

  • Page 130: Math Coprocessor Control

    Figure 6-17: Thirty-Six Pin VO Channels Math Coprocessor Control The math coprocessor functions as an I/O device through I/O port addresses hex OF8, OFA and OFC. The microprocessor sends OP codes and operands to I/O ports. The microprocessor also receives and stores results through the same I/O ports.

  • Page 131: 32-Bit Memory Expansion Bus

    32-bit Memory Expansion Bus The 32-bit-memory expansion bus optimizes the memory subsystem to take advantage of the 32-bit architecture of the 80386. The PEM- 2530 mainboard and PEI-306 RAM Board allow for the configuration of extended local memory up to 16MB. This bus is not intended to be a general-purpose, industry standard 32-bit bus.
  • Page 132 • SBE1 This output signal (active low) indicates when the 32-bit memory board should operate on D8 through D15. • SBE2 This output signal (active low) indicates when the 32-bit memory board should operate on D16 through D33. • SBE3 This output signal (active low) indicates when the 32-bit memory board should operate on D24 through D31.

  • Page 133: Figure 6-18: Pin Assignments Of The 32-Bit Memory Expansion Bus

    The pinouts for the eighty-pin I/O channels of the 32-bit memory expansion bus are shown below: CON5 Figure 6-18: Pin Assignments of the 32-bit Memory Expansion Chapter 6: Appendix...

  • Page 134: Glossary

    Glossary Chapter...
  • Page 135 Some of the terms you will come across frequently in this manual are defined here. add-on card — This card connects through expansion slots to the motherboard. Also known as an adapter, an expansion card or an interface card, this is used to increase the capabilities of your computer.
  • Page 136 BIOS — This stands for Basic Input Output System. BIOS con- — This is a binary data digit, either 1 or 0. 1 or 0 represents boot — This means to turn on the power switch and load the — This is a set of lines that transmit signals/information be- byte —...
  • Page 137 data — Any kind of information. However, this word is generally used to describe computer-related information. debug — A method for correcting computer errors. default — This is an existing setting in a computer. — This is an acronym for Dual In-line Package, which is a method for packaging integrated circuits.
  • Page 138 driver expansion slot file filename fixed or hard disk format hardware Chapter 7: Glossary — A program that lets a peripheral device and a computer function harmoniously; a hard disk driver controls exchan- ges between a hard disk and a computer. —...
  • Page 139 interface — A means for electronic machines to communicate. Inter- face also means to communicate with a computer and its peripheral components. kilobyte (KS) — A single data unit that is composed of 1024 bytes. math coprocessor — A math coprocessor lets you do arithmetic and calcula- tions more efficient.
  • Page 140 operating system output partition peripheral port printed circuit board program prompt Chapter 7: Glossary — Nanoseconds. This is a unit of time measurement for processing speed. — This is software that controls the execution of programs. — Any information or bits of data that are channeled from one electronic device to another.
  • Page 141 — Read Only Memory. This is data that is stored on an IC in the computer. KG-232 — RS232 is a standardized communications interface be- tween data communication equipment and your com- puter. setup — This section guides you through the preparations you’ll need to make before operating your computer.

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