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HD Ultra X Service Guide
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Modify an entry using standard Windows text-editing techniques.
Emulsion
The light sensitive silver, coated on the clear acetate film base, that forms the photograph when a picture
is taken and the film is developed.
Equalizing
Distributing all color or tone equally along a density range.
File Format (image)
The format in which a scanned picture is saved. Many programs can insert or import a picture from a file, if
it is saved in a file format that the program supports. Common file formats include TIFF (Tagged Image
File Format), BMP (Windows bitmap), JPEG (Joint Photograph Expert Group), and FPX (FlashPix format).
Flip Horizontal
To flip the picture left/right.
Foreground
Foreground when scanning raster data (black and white, or monochrome data) refers to the pixels that
represent data of interest (background refers to everything else). Typically, lines and shapes are
represented by black pixels (foreground) and empty space is represented by white pixels (back-ground).
When scanning grayscale data, back-
ground means the gray level of a region of pixels that surrounds some desired foreground data.
Gamma Adjustment
An adjustment that makes the tone distribution lighter or darker in an image.
Gamut Transformation
Color Management System function, where out-of-gamut colors are converted to colors within the gamut
of the targeted device, e.g., a printer.
Gamut
The color range scannable, printable or displayable by a device; e.g., if some of the displayable colors are
outside of the gamut of the printer they cannot be printed.
GCR
Gray component replacement. A color separation setting used on color photographs where cyan, magenta
and yellow inks are replaced by black ink (in a balance that would yield a gray value). The advantages are
a reduction in overall ink usage and some increase in image detail.
Grayscale
A term for a black and white photographic image or a scanner setting. Refers to the range of 256 gray
tones that make up the image.
Half toning
The processes of offset printing and laser printing are intrinsically bilevel. However, these devices can
reproduce a range of tone levels by halftoning; e.g., an array of widely spaced dots produces the
perception of light gray, and an array of tightly spaced dots produces dark gray. Halftone dots are usually
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