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Summary of Contents for Campbell Automatic Weather Station
- Page 1 Automatic Weather Station with UT20 or UT30 Tower Issued: 27.3.17 Copyright © 2002-2017 Campbell Scientific Ltd. CSL 164...
- Page 3 Quotations for repairs can be given on request. It is the policy of Campbell Scientific to protect the health of its employees and provide a safe working environment, in support of this policy a “Declaration of Hazardous Material and Decontamination”...
- Page 5 Campbell Scientific Ltd can advise on the recycling of the equipment and in some cases arrange collection and the correct disposal of it, although charges may apply for some items or territories.
- Page 7 • Periodically (at least yearly) check electrical ground connections. WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS, THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER INSTALLATION, USE, OR MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS, TOWERS, OR ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS...
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Page 9: Table Of Contents
Contents Safety Instructions ............S-1 S.1 Local Safety Regulations..............S-1 S.2 Selecting a Site for the Weather Station..........S-1 S.3 Before Assembly .................. S-2 S.4 Do Not Climb the Tower..............S-2 S.5 Maintenance..................S-2 S.5.1 Structure ..................S-2 S.5.2 Electrical..................S-2 Introduction..............I-1 I.1 Choosing the Location for Your AWS .......... - Page 10 Section 2. Assembly of Components and Erection of Tower ............2-1 2.1 Assess Site and Sensor Requirements..........2-1 2.2 Fitting the Mast Assembly and Lightning Rod ......... 2.3 Fitting Equipment to the Top Tower Section........2-2 2.3.1 Fitting the Pyranometer to the Top Mast Assembly....2-2 2.3.2 Fitting the 011E Mounting Arm and Vector Instruments Wind Speed/Direction Sensors ...........
- Page 11 Figures 1-1 UT20 and UT30 Towers, showing Tower Sections ....... 1-2 UT30 Tower Assembly, with Enclosure, Solar Panel and a Typical Range of Sensors..............1-2 1-3 Bottom Tower Section and Base Installation ........1-5 1-4 Special Roof Mounting Base Installation for UT30......1-5 Top View of Base and Optional Ground Anchor Layout.....
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Page 13: Safety Instructions
Automatic Weather Station with UT20 or UT30 Instrumentation Tower – Safety Instructions Before you proceed with any installation work in connection with your UT20/UT30-based station, you must read and take note of the safety recommendations given below. DO NOT CLIMB the tower. All high-level sensors etc. must be installed with the tower at ground level. -
Page 14: Before Assembly
Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower S.3 Before Assembly Before assembling the tower ensure that all parts of the tower, appropriate sensors, tools and safety equipment are readily available. A full equipment list is given in the Introduction Section of this manual. -
Page 15: Introduction
UT20/UT30 Instrumentation Tower – Introduction Thank you for buying your weather station equipment from Campbell Scientific. This manual includes information about siting, assembly and maintenance of a typical Automatic Weather Station, based on the UT20 (7 metre) and UT30 (10 metre) aluminium Antenna/Instrumentation Towers. -
Page 16: The Effects Of Varying Environmental Conditions
Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower In other cases, an AWS is required to measure the true conditions at a site — possibly to determine how much these differ from the standard conditions measured over a regional network of meteorological stations. Here, the AWS should be exposed over a relatively uniform area of terrain. -
Page 17: Obstructions
I.5 Checking and Preparation A typical UT20/30-based automatic weather station consists of: Instrumentation Tower complete with lightning spike, ground spike, earthing wire and all necessary accessories. See Section 3 for full installation details. - Page 18 If you have any difficulty assembling or using your weather station after reading this Installation Manual please contact Campbell Scientific for help. The minimum equipment you will need for satisfactory installation is as follows: ...
- Page 19 Section I. Introduction Step ladders (for installing sensors and levelling pyranometer) Pipe Wrench Shovel, pickaxe and trowel for making the concrete base foundations. Materials to make the foundations (wood formers, concrete mixture etc.) Wire rope cutter (if using guy ropes on your installation) ...
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Page 21: Section 1. Site Preparation And Assembly Of The Tower
Section 1. Site Preparation and Assembly of the Tower Before starting any work on your UT20 or UT30-based weather station, please read the SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS at the front of this manual. This section describes the site preparation for, and preliminary assembly of, the Instrumentation Tower. - Page 22 Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower Mast Assembly Top Section Tower shown with optional guying kit Middle Section Middle Section Bottom Section Hinged Mounting Base Assembly (concreted into the ground) Figure 1-2 UT30 Tower Assembly, with Enclosure, Solar Panel and a Typical Range of Sensors...
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Page 23: Description
(see Figure 1-3). Roof-mount base assemblies, for mounting onto suitably constructed roof areas or other flat surfaces (see Figure 1-4), are available to special order. Please contact Campbell Scientific for further advice. 1.2.1 Guying Standard towers are not supplied with guy ropes. If your particular site is subject to consistently high wind speeds or turbulence, a guy rope assembly kit can be supplied to minimise vibration effects on the tower and instrumentation. -
Page 24: Site Preparation
Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower 1.4 Site Preparation You are recommended to take a full tool set of metric and imperial spanners on site. Minimum requirements are given in the following sections. Always take sensible precautions during installation of any CAUTION metalwork. - Page 25 Section 1. Site Preparation and Tower Assembly Dig a hole 900 mm square by 1200 mm deep. Install the bottom section of the tower to the base using two bolts per leg, making sure that all three legs are fitted to allow for tilt in the same direction –...
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Page 26: Lightning Protection For Roof Mounted Towers
Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower You must take careful consideration of site conditions and roof CAUTION construction (if roof mounted) before installing the roof-mount base. If you are at all unsure about the construction or structural integrity of the roof, you must seek expert advice before attempting to mount the base. -
Page 27: Ground Anchor Layout (For Optional Guying Kit)
Section 1. Site Preparation and Tower Assembly 1.6 Ground Anchor Layout (for Optional Guying Kit) If you are using the optional guying kit, you will need to consider the overall site layout both for the tower position and the siting of the guy anchors as detailed below. -
Page 28: Tower Assembly
Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower Locate the three anchor points (see Figure 1-5) and dig three holes 600 mm square by 600 mm deep. Fill the holes with concrete and install the eyebolts as shown in Figure 1-6. Ground Anchor -... -
Page 29: Fitting Aws Components And Erecting The Tower
Section 1. Site Preparation and Tower Assembly Use one bolt per leg Figure 1-7 Fitting the Tower Sections 1.8 Fitting AWS Components and Erecting the Tower Section 2 of this manual details the fitting of sensors and other equipment, and the final erection and guying of the tower. -
Page 31: Section 2. Assembly Of Components And Erection Of Tower
(e.g. snow depth gauge). For installation details of these sensors, please refer to the manuals provided with them, or contact Campbell Scientific for assistance. 2. Different types of mounting arm are described in this section. -
Page 32: Fitting The Mast Assembly And Lightning Rod
Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower 2.2 Fitting the Mast Assembly and Lightning Rod Attach the mast assembly to the top tower section by sliding it into the hole in the central boss until the weld on the assembly is just above the top of the boss. - Page 33 Section 2. Assembly of Components and Erection of Tower Top Mast Assembly - slide into top mast section and tighten setscrews Place top tower section onto level ground, packing if necessary to achieve good vertical and horizontal alignment when checked with a spirit level, before adding arms and sensors.
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Page 34: Fitting The 011E Mounting Arm And Vector Instruments Wind Speed/Direction Sensors
Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower 4. Attach the mounting arm and pyranometer to the top mast assembly with the universal mounting bracket, as shown in Figure 2-6. Orient the arm to face approximately south relative to the tower to minimise the possibility of any part of the structure or other instruments casting a shadow onto the pyranometer. - Page 35 Section 2. Assembly of Components and Erection of Tower Sight along tower from top to base to establish the magnetic bearing Ensure tower is lying horizontally along the ground Figure 2-4 Sighting Along the Tower to Check the Magnetic Bearing 3.
- Page 36 Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower Wind Sensor Two pieces of tape to hold weight Heavy weight (e.g. piece of tube or a bolt) suspended centrally under vane Figure 2-5 Weighting the Wind Sensor Perpendicular to the Ground Lightning Rod Assembly ‘Nyloc’...
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Page 37: 017E Arm Wind Monitor Only
Section 2. Assembly of Components and Erection of Tower 2.3.3 017E Arm — Wind Monitor Only This simple sensor mounting arm is supplied with two tri-clamps and a mounting tube for the Wind Monitor. Mount the 017E as follows: 1. Ensure that the tower is lying flat along the ground as detailed above for the 011E mounting arm. -
Page 38: Final Checks
Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower Standing side of guy wire Take the guy wire (thimbles not required) around the tower structure and secure with three U-bolt wire clips, at 20 mm spacing, as shown Figure 2-7 Installation of Guy Wires to Tower... -
Page 39: Fitting Optional Guy Wires To Ground Anchors
Section 2. Assembly of Components and Erection of Tower Figure 2-8 ‘Walking’ the Tower into the Upright Position 2.6.1 Fitting Optional Guy Wires to Ground Anchors This section includes full details of installing the optional guy wires and can be ignored for a normal, unguyed, installation. -
Page 40: Mounting Low Level Sensors And Other Equipment
2.7.3 Mounting the Enclosure If your tower is part of a complete Campbell Scientific weather station, you will need to install and wire up all your components. Assembly instruction for the most commonly supplied components are given below. -
Page 41: Mounting A Solar Panel
Section 2. Assembly of Components and Erection of Tower With the tower erected and levelled, mount the enclosure as follows: 1. Mount one bracket on the top two holes of the enclosure and the other on the two bottom holes. The 8 mm bolts supplied are used to attach the brackets. Fit the brackets with the ‘V’... -
Page 42: Connections
Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower Attach the solar panel to the tower and, for northern hemisphere applications, orient it to face due south. For short-term applications the panel should be angled approximately perpendicular to the solar angle at mid-day. For longer term unattended applications such as a 12-month period, the solar panel should be angled to obtain best performance during the winter months. -
Page 43: Grounding And Lightning Protection
2 metres apart, and join them together using a length of the heavy gauge grounding wire, using additional clamps (available from Campbell Scientific). 3. The lightning rod should already have been installed on the top of the tower as shown in Section 2.2. -
Page 44: Maintenance
Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower 7. Apply Waxoyl (or similar rustproofing compound) to the areas around the lightning spike clamp, the grounding cable clamp and where the grounding cable connects to the ground spike. Secondary (thinner) grounding wire Tower Leg... -
Page 45: Rust Prevention
Section 2. Assembly of Components and Erection of Tower Failure to use or exchange the desiccant may lead to CAUTION condensation inside the enclosure. Not only will this lead to corrupted data, but, in the long term, can also cause corrosion which is expensive to repair. - Page 46 Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower 3. Remove the lower bolts in the other two legs, and loosen the upper bolts in these legs just enough to allow the tower to be tilted when a small amount of force is applied.
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Page 47: Section 3. Programming
Section 3. Programming This section describes how to program your AWS, either by using Campbell Scientific’s `point-and-click’ program building software Short Cut (part of PC200W), or, for more experienced programmers, by using Edlog or the CRBasic Editor, part of the more advanced Datalogger Support packages, PC400 or LoggerNet. - Page 48 NOTE Full details of all the functions of PC200W/PC400 or LoggerNet are contained in the User Guide for the software. Campbell Scientific dataloggers can be programmed from a computer without using the datalogger support software by using telecommunications commands. However, this is not normally necessary and is not recommended as a general method of datalogger programming.
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Page 49: Appendix A. Using True North For Accurate Wind Measurements
Appendix A. Using True North for Accurate Wind Measurements To get optimum wind direction data from your weather station, it is recommended that you set up your wind direction sensor with reference to true north (rather than magnetic north). This Appendix provides some additional information about using true north. A.1 Magnetic Declination Magnetic declination is sometimes referred to as the magnetic variation or the magnetic compass correction. - Page 50 Automatic Weather Station with UT20/UT30 Tower TRUE NORTH (map bearing) 15 WEST OF MAGNETIC NORTH Point the wind direction sensor to MAGNETIC NORTH TRUE NORTH (345) bearing. COMPASS NEEDLE POINTS TO MAGNETIC NORTH Declination angles for True North to the West of Magnetic North are subtracted from 360, therefore...
- Page 52 CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC COMPANIES Campbell Scientific, Inc. (CSI) 815 West 1800 North Campbell Scientific Centro Caribe S.A. (CSCC) Logan, Utah 84321 300N Cementerio, Edificio Breller UNITED STATES Santo Domingo, Heredia 40305 COSTA RICA www.campbellsci.com info@campbellsci.com www.campbellsci.cc info@campbellsci.cc Campbell Scientific Africa Pty. Ltd. (CSAf) PO Box 2450 Campbell Scientific Ltd.
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