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Sentera PHX Unmanned ® Aircraft Pilot User Guide Engineered in Minneapolis, MN, USA March 19, 2020 Rev 1.3...
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Windows laptop computer with a digital wireless datalink. The PHX UAS can be fitted with a number of sensor payloads for precision agriculture, survey, mapping, and public safety applications.
Often this means below 400 ft. (120 m) AGL (height above ground). 2.3 Wind Limits The PHX UAS has recommended operating limits depending on wind speeds, as shown in Table 3: Wind Limits. Table 3: Wind Limits...
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Tables 4: Temperature Limits Operational Temperature Limit Temperature Minimum 14 F (-10 C) Maximum 120 F (50 C) System Storage Temperature Limit Temperature Minimum -10 F (-23 C) Maximum 120 F (50 C)
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera 2.8 Takeoff and Landing Area Limits The launch and recovery area must be free of obstructions within an area measuring 50 meters wide and 100 meters long, as shown in Figure 2. This area should also be kept free of persons during launch and landing, other than the operator that is preforming the launch.
• Reconnect to the UAV in the normal way. • If the UAV does not receive communication from the Fly PHX software within the lost link time out period, the automatic Lost Link procedure will begin. 3.3 Lost Link If lost link occurs, attempt troubleshoot and re-establish communications with the aircraft: Maintain visual contact with the aircraft.
4 Application Settings The Application Settings are used to set the general settings such as units, real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS, if applicable, as well as download offline maps, connect to Sentera Field Agent, and view the console information. 4.1 General Settings When entering information into the General Application Settings, recommended settings are set to default.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 6: Application Settings Click General to set the units, miscellaneous, data persistence, telemetry logs from vehicle, RTK GPS, a server, video, and video recording, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.
Figure 8: Fly View, RTK GPS, ADSB Server, Video, and Video Recording 4.2 Offline Maps Settings Map backgrounds in Fly PHX works best over a good internet connection. Where internet connections may be unreliable/unavailable, it is recommended to pre-load maps before heading out to the field using the Offline Maps window.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Downloading, saving, and deleting locally saved maps is performed in the Offline Maps under the Application Settings window. There may be situations in the field where the UAS cannot connect to the satellites to provide a flight mission.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 10: Add New Set Select the Map type. Adjust the zoom level, if necessary. Recommended values are 5 and 15, respectively. Click Download, and then click Export. Select the map you just created, and then click Export.
Click Download Field Boundaries to import any previously saved missions. If you have issues with Fly PHX, click Email Support to send log files to Sentera Support. This file will usually be requested by Sentera Support during your support telephone call.
Sentera Figure 14: Overview Window The data links should automatically connect once both the aircraft and Fly PHX are powered, the laptop or tablet is connected to the CommsBox (through cable or wirelessly), and the software is running. 5.1.1 Create Flight Plan To create a flight plan in Fly PHX: Click Plan View icon, as shown in Figure 15.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera To remove the existing mission from the aircraft, click File, and then click Clear from Plan File, as shown in Figure 16. Figure 16: Clear Mission To start a new plan, click File, then click Survey from the Create Plan window, as shown in Figure 17.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 17: Plan File Select and move the Launch and Takeoff points to adjust the desired location, as shown in Figure 18, to create a new plan. www.sentera.com Page 21 March 19, 2020 844.SENTERA...
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 18: Takeoff Click Done Adjusting when complete. Adjust the altitude of the Takeoff, if necessary, as shown in Figure 19. Warning: Do not adjust the Pitch value; leave at the default which should be 15 degrees.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 19: Altitude 5.1.2 Create a Survey Pattern To create a survey pattern to map an area with the camera payload: Click Survey tab to create the default survey pattern, as shown in Figure 20.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 21: Survey To adjust the size and shape of the survey, click and drag corner dots and/or the + dots, as shown in Figure 22. Figure 22: Plus Dots Drag the center dot to move the survey, as shown in Figure 23.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 23: Adjust Size and Shape Tip: If possible, try to plan the survey perpendicular to the wind direction with the aircraft starting downwind and working its way upwind. This method may allow you to reduce the turnaround distance and optimize flight performance.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 24: Corridor Scan Click Basic or Trace and then click on the map to add corridor vertices, as shown in Figure 25. Or you can upload a KML file by clicking Load KML.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 25: Corridor Click Done with Polyline or Done Tracing, depending on which corridor you chose. Adjust the settings in the Survey box on the right, if necessary, as shown in Figure 26.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Click a location on the map for the landing point, as shown in Figure 28. Figure 28: Landing Adjust the landing direction by dragging the Loiter point. Adjust other landing values in the Landing Pattern box on the right, if necessary, and then click Done Adjusting, as shown in Figure 29.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 30: Done Adjusting 5.1.5 Center a Map To center the map on the window: Click Center, and then select the button you want to center the map to, as shown in Figure 31.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Click Upload Required in the upper right-hand corner, as shown in Figure 32, and ensure the mission completes the upload with no errors. Figure 32: Upload Required Then click Upload in the upper right-hand corner, as shown in Figure 33.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 34: File Save Navigate to folder to save your file. Enter a File name, and then click Save. 5.1.8 Save Mission Waypoints as .KML To save the mission as a KML file: Click File, then click Save Mission Waypoints As KML, as shown in Figure 35.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 35: Save Mission Waypoints As KML Navigate to folder to save your file. Enter a File name, and then click Save. 5.1.9 Vehicle Summary To view the vehicle settings, information, and vehicle set up summary: Click the Gear icon.
5.2 Batteries Required Once all of the waypoints and surveys are entered, Fly PHX calculates the amount of batteries required to fly a mission. You can find that information at the top of the window, as shown in Figure 38.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 40: Status If all systems show correctly, pre-flight activities can begin, which may involve compass and/or airspeed calibration, and completing the pre-flight checklist. 5.4 Pitch and Roll Verification The pitch and roll verification is the process of setting or correcting errors which may cause inaccurate sensor measurements.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 42: Drone Calibration 5.5 Airspeed Calibration The airspeed sensor is sensitive to air temperature. Verify it reads between +/- 5 mph while shielding the pitot tube from wind. If it reads outside of +/- 5 mph, then re-calibrate.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 43: Pitot Tube Verify airspeed reads positive > 20 mph (> 10 m/s) and holds >20 mph for 3 seconds. If airspeed is negative or does not hold > 20 mph for 3 seconds, repair or replace the pitot or tubing, as shown in Figure 44.
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Once passed, the checklist will update, as shown in Figure 46. Figure 46: Airspeed Passed To re-calibrate the airspeed sensor, do the following while connected to the aircraft in Fly PHX: Click Gears at the top of the window, as shown in Figure 47.
(180), west (270) directions during the pre-flight check, perform a compass calibration. Stand at least 30 feet (10 meters) away from any metal while checking and re-calibrating, only if any direction reads greater than 5-10 degrees from truth. Sentera Support has a video to help guide you through this process at https://support.sentera.com/portal/kb/articles/video-phx-pro-compass-calibration.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 51: Gears Click Sensors, as shown in Figure 52. Figure 52: Sensors Click Compass, as shown in Figure 53. Figure 53: Compass Click OK in the upper right corner of the window and follow the onscreen steps, as shown on Figure...
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 55: Compass Rotation After the calibration process is complete, the autopilot automatically self-reboots. A series of beeps indicates this process. After the autopilot self-reboots, remove the battery, and then re-insert it. After the reboot and reconnection of the aircraft, verify north, east, south, west directions, as shown in Figure 56, by pointing the aircraft east and verifying it on the compass, and then the remaining directions thereafter.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Note: Proper technique and adherence of all steps on the pre-flight checklist is critical to flight safety and avoids potential damage to your aircraft and payload. Additional checklists and procedures for different payloads should be followed as appropriate.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 58: Passed and Waiting Checklist 5.7.1.1 Start Mission To start the flight: Upon completion of checklist, start mission slider displays. Slide the Start Mission slider, as shown in Figure 59. Figure 59: Start Mission www.sentera.com...
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera 5.7.2 During Flight Aircraft Status Scan Checklist Perform the following checklist during the flight: Action √ Maintain visual contact with aircraft. Check aircraft location and heading on the map. Check all status indicators at the top of the window.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Action √ Maintain visual contact with aircraft. Check landing area is clear. Check wind direction and speed. If needed, adjust landing approach and re-upload. Press [RTL] button if not already heading to landing pattern.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 61: Proper Launch Technique Hold the aircraft wings level above your head. Point the nose straight toward or just above the horizon. Shake the aircraft forward once to start the motor. Take one step forward to gain momentum, and then firmly push the aircraft straight forward without stopping.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera PHX hand-launch summary: Action √ Shake once to start motor. Step forward and push immediately after motor start. Push harder than the propeller is pulling. Always launch into the wind. Wings level with the horizon.
Sentera Figure 63: Slide to Continue Tip: Landing on soft surfaces such as grass prolongs the life of your PHX UAV. When landing on hard surfaces such as asphalt or gravel, use a few pieces of tape on the bottom contact points, as well as the underside of the wing tips, to protect the aircraft from excessive scratching.
Pitch angle (autopilot limited) 50 (degrees) Best Glide Ratio 10 to 1 7 Weight and Balance The following section describes the weight and balance of the PHX. 7.1 Weight PHX is battery powered. Its weight does not change during flight. www.sentera.com Page 50 March 19, 2020 844.SENTERA...
7.2 Center of Gravity PHX is battery powered, therefore, the center of gravity does not change during the course of the flight. The center of gravity is measured from the front point of the fuselage where the motor mount attaches.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera 8 System Description The PHX UAS is comprised of an unmanned aircraft, a Fly PHX, a data-link communications system, and maintenance and support equipment, as shown in Figure 67. The aircraft typically carries a camera payload.
The GPS is in the left wing. Battery bay is located under the foam hatch The airspeed sensor and compass are located in the right wing. Figure 69: Sensors 8.3 Kit Contents The following is a list of equipment with the PHX kit: www.sentera.com Page 53 March 19, 2020 844.SENTERA...
PHX charger 8.4 Field Support Kit Description The PHX comes with a field support kit that contains a few basic hand tools and spare parts for common wear items that require regular maintenance (for example, propellers, wing spar, and pitot-static tube), as shown in Figure 70.
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The PHX smart battery automatically maintains balance between the cells without the need for an external balancing charger. The battery charger supplied with the system, as shown in Figure 73, ensures safe charging of the PHX batteries, and is the only charger that should be used.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 73: Battery Charger To charge a battery: Plug the charger into AC wall power. Verify blue - white alternating blink on the charger indicates it is ready, as shown in Figure 74.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Battery level indicator button Figure 75: PHX Battery and Charger Verify the charge cycle starts indicated by a beep sound and green - white alternating blink, as shown in Figure 76. Figure 76: Green Lights The charger beeps when complete.
Sentera Figure 78: LED Lights Discharge is achieved by plugging a battery into a PHX vehicle with a payload installed. Do not run the PHX for more than 1 hour continuously on ground. Batteries slowly discharge over time. If a charge falls to zero LEDs, the battery may become permanently damaged and no longer recharge.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Any battery with punctures, deep cuts, strong chemical odor, swelling over 2.25 inches, or leaking cells should not be used or charged. Dispose of damaged or unusable batteries at a local battery recycling center, in accordance with local regulations.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 80: Inspection Insert wing spar joiner into the fuselage, as shown in Figure 81. Verify it protrudes evenly from both sides of the fuselage. Figure 81: Spar Joiner Grip the wing by the leading edge close to the wing tip, slide the wings onto the spar, and press into the fuselage’s wing pockets.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 82: Wing Verify the pitot-static tube is straight and secure. When ready to begin preflight, insert a fully charged battery into the fuselage under the top hatch, as shown in Figure 83.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 83: Install Battery Verify top hatch is secure. 9.4 Assembly: CommsBox The following section describes how to assemble the CommsBox. Open transport case, as shown in Figure 84. www.sentera.com Page 63 March 19, 2020 844.SENTERA...
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 85: CommsBox Connect the battery to the Comms box using the cable provided, as shown in Figure 86. Figure 86: CommsBox Plug it into the battery, connect the Ethernet cable, and set it on the top of a table or car, free of any obstacles, as shown in Figure 87.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 87: Set on Tabletop or Car Verify that the fan is on. To charge the battery, remove the AC adapter from the transport case, as shown in Figure 88, and plug into an outlet.
The system should be stored in a dry location within the storage temperature limits listed in Section 2.6 Temperature Limits of this handbook. Section 11.1 Battery Use – Precautions contains more information on proper storage of PHX vehicle batteries. www.sentera.com...
Most simple repairs of wear items or minor damage can be performed in the field by using tools and spare items included in the field service kit. When servicing the vehicle, use the PHX maintenance form, located in the Appendix: PHX Maintenance Form at the end of the document. You can print multiple copies of that page to be filled out during maintenance.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 91: Pitot You may need to remove the servo cover on the bottom of the wing, as shown in Figure 92, to pull extra slack in the air hoses and to ensure there is no kinks. Replace the cover when complete.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 93: Push Spring onto Tube Pull the pitot-static tube back out straight into the spring. Ensure the clear plastic tube is fully engaged by friction with the spring. The final product will look similar to the item shown in Figure 94.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 94: New Pitot Static Tube 9.8.3 Minor Structural Repair Minor structural damage can be repaired using JB Weld Plastic Bonder or gaffer’s tape, as shown in Table 8. Be sure not to add too much weight or unbalance the aircraft when repairing. For a video tutorial visit the Sentera Support site: https://support.sentera.com/portal/kb/articles/video-how-to-...
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Table 8: Repair Item Description Repair Method Cosmetic non-structural Use RTV silicone to fill in the damage blemish Damage between a plastic and a foam component Use JB weld plastic bonder to repair...
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 95: Servo Cover Carefully remove the air speed sensor using the #1 Philips screwdriver with tubes and wires attached. Remove the electrical cable and the pneumatic tubes. Trim the used ends of the pneumatic tubing off.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 97: Attached Air Data Sensor Re-install the assembly into the wing. Once the air data sensor is attached, check to make sure the tubes aren’t twisted or pinched, and screw into the servo bay, as shown in Figure 98.
10.1 Connecting to the CommsBox The PHX CommsBox is Wi-Fi and Ethernet cable compatible. The easiest way to connect to the CommsBox is to use an Ethernet cable similar to the one provided with the system, as shown in Figure www.sentera.com...
The following section describes the Sentera Double 4K and the mapping. Install the Sentera Double 4K payload by snapping it into the PHX plug-and-play payload bay, as show in Figure 100. The figure show both top and bottom of the PHX.
10.2.2 Camera Information The Sentera Double 4K hosts a webpage that displays more information about the camera and its operation. While connected to the PHX, open a web browser and type the address into the address bar: http://192.168.143.141:8080 www.sentera.com Page 78 March 19, 2020 844.SENTERA...
SD card. This can be done in flight as well as on the ground. 10.3 Battery Swap Procedure To perform a battery swap with the PHX, either due to a low battery or to replace a battery to continue to fly, do the following: Note: If the battery is low, the UAV will land on its own before the battery dies.
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Replace with a new battery. Allow the aircraft to connect to the CommsBox and Fly PHX. The resume mission slider displays on the fly window, as shown in Figure 104, with text dialog that asks if you would like to re-plan the mission starting at the last waypoint flown. Slide to confirm and the mission regenerates with the updated waypoint information.
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Note: Leave the mission on the vehicle when prompted during the disarm sequence. Remove the battery and install the new one. Connect to the CommsBox and Fly PHX. The mission recently flown displays. Perform the pre-flight checklist. The resume mission slider displays. Close the slider box if this is the case.
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PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Figure 105: Action Start the mission as normal, as shown in Figure 106. Figure 106: Start Mission Allow the aircraft to tag the first waypoint and ensure the camera is triggering. Select the last waypoint you noted in step 1.
• Do not attach the battery directly to any other power source. 11.2 Prohibited Maneuvers The PHX autopilot system will not allow users to perform any maneuvers outside of its flight envelope during normal operation. 11.3 Propeller Safety – Precautions The following warning is for propeller safety.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera Propeller Warning: Be sure to keep hands and other body parts away from the propeller at all times. Do not pull the propeller back near your face or any other part of your body.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera 12.3 Aviation Terms Term Description Airspeed Speed of the relative wind over the aircraft and conversely, the speed of the aircraft relative to the air mass. Barometric Altitude Baro Altitude. Altitude of aircraft determined by readings from the barometric altimeter.
PHX Unmanned Aircraft Pilot User Guide Sentera 13 Appendix: PHX Maintenance Form Fill out the PHX maintenance form to keep logs of when the PHX was maintained. Worker 1: __________________________________________________________________________ Worker 2: __________________________________________________________________________ Date: ______________________________________________________________________________ Maintenance Performed: _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________...
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