Star Micronics ND-10/15 User Manual
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Star Micronics ND-10/15 User Manual

Star Micronics ND-10/15 User Manual

Star micronics printer user's manual
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ND-10115
USER'S MANUAL
NOT INTENDED
FOR SALE
PN 80820 163

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Summary of Contents for Star Micronics ND-10/15

  • Page 1 ND-10115 USER’S MANUAL NOT INTENDED FOR SALE PN 80820 163...
  • Page 2 However, be greatly appreciate being informed The above notwithstanding, in this manual. @Copyright 1986 Star Micronics Co., Ltd. Commission Interference Statement energy and if not mstalled with the manufacturer’s It has been type tested and found to comply...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Setting Up Your Printer Chapter 1 Locating the printer Check the carton contents Removing the printer cover Removing the packing tube Installing the ribbon cartridge Installing the mute cover Installing the interface board Getting to Know Your Printer Chapter 2 Controls and parts of the printer Parts of the printer...
  • Page 4 Printing with BASIC Chapter 4 Some basics of BASIC First steps ASCII codes and the CHR$ function Control codes The escape codes A note on command Selecting the right software mode Some special kinds of text Near Letter Quality characters Italic printing Underlining Superscripts...
  • Page 5 Special Features of the Printer Chapter 6 Now hear this Resetting the printer Taking the printer off line Printing the bottom of the sheet Backspace, delete, and cancel text Printing zeroes Immediate-print Adjusting the width of space between characters Uni-directional The seven bit dilemma Block graphics characters and special symbols...
  • Page 6 Appendix C Function Codes Commands Font style controls Print pitch controls Special print modes Controlling Line feed and reverse line feed Form feed and related commands Top/bottom Controlling Download Dot graphics commands Macro instruction Other commands Appendix D Command Summary in Numeric Order Standard mode IBM-P mode IBM-G mode...

  • Page 7: Setting Up Your Printer

    SETTING UP YOUR Subjects covered in Chapter 1 include - Choosing a suitable place for your printer Unpacking Setting up LOCATING THE PRINTER Give some thought to the best place to put the printer. the printer and computer surroundings. For best performance, Use the printer on a flat surface.

  • Page 8: Removing The Printer Cover

    You should also have a parallel interface board to connect your computer to the printer. Also available are a parallel interface board with extra buffer memory and a serial interface board, both optional. Figure l-l. Check to make sure you have all five items: 2) Mute cover, 3) Paper...

  • Page 9: Removing The Packing Tube

    the way. To replace the cover, slide the tabs in at the front and lower it into place. Figure l-2 shows the proper position and movement for both removing and replacing the cover. Figure 1-2. Remove the printer W Removing the packing tube The printer is shipped with a protective spiral tube to keep the print head from being damaged during shipping.

  • Page 10: Installing The Ribbon Cartridge

    N Installing the ribbon cartridge This printer uses a neat, easy-to-change with automatic threading. tridge: 1. Turn oj,Ythe power and remove the printer cover. 2. Slide the print head gently to the center of the printer. The print head gets hot during operation, Warning: so let it cool off before you touch it.

  • Page 11: Installing The Mute Cover

    Print Figure 1-5. To thread the ribbon, slide the print head carriage manually to the right or left, and the ribbon will slip down by itself into its proper position. n Installing the mute cover The mute cover reduces the printer’s operating sounds. Note the position of the guide pins on the mute cover as shown in Figure l-6.

  • Page 12: Installing The Interface Board

    n Installing the interface board Figure 1-7. Slide the I/F board into the slot. A parallel interface board comes standard with your printer. In addition, there are two optional interface (I/F) boards: serial interface board that lets you connect to a serial (RS-232C) computer port;...

  • Page 13: Getting To Know Your Printer

    GETTING TO KNOW YOUR PRINTER Subjects covered in Chapter 2 include - Parts of the printer - what they’re for and how to use them Paper selection and loading Adjustment Testing printer operation CONTROLS n Parts of the printer PRINTER COVER - This protects the ribbon and the print head from dust and dirt, and cuts down the sound of the printer.
  • Page 14 Mute cover Power cord Figure 2-1. Front and rear views of the printer. PLATEN - This is the rubber cylinder that carries paper to the print head. INTERFACE COVER - On the back of the printer, this cover conceals and protects the interface board. The cover is cut away to expose the external connector computer cable.

  • Page 15: Controls And Indicators

    n Controls and indicators Now let’s go over the controls and indicators of the printer, starting with the control panel on the right. There are nine indicators and six keys on the control panel. IO-inch type 1 S-inch type Figure 2-2. The control POWER INDICATOR OiZ.

  • Page 16: Extra Functions

    ON LINE KEY and INDICATOR - Glows green when the printer is ready to receive data from your computer When the printer is off line. it sends a signal to the computer indicating that it cannot accept data. key switches the printer between on line and off line. When you turn the power switch on, the printer is placed on line automatically.

  • Page 17: Other Controls

    For details, please refer to the end of next chapter. n Other controls There are other controls, not connected to the control panel. Some of the more important POWER SWITCH - The switch that turns the printer on and off is at the back, on the left side. PLATEN KNOB - This knob is at the middle of the right...

  • Page 18: Loading Single Sheets

    \yy - The bottom one is used when you want to release the paper completely to adjust it. The paper bail holds the paper against the platen according to the setting of the release lever. The bail is opened when the release lever is in the top position, closed when the lever is in the second or third positions, and opened by the printer when the lever is in the bottom position.
  • Page 19 Figure 2-6. Raise the paper guide for loading single sheets. Figure 2-7. Prop up the paper guide by inserting the guide stand in the notches provided for it.
  • Page 20 4. Position the adjuster at the triangle marked on the guide for standard margins, or set it according to your own requirements. 5. Set the release lever for single sheets-the sition from the top. 6. Align a sheet of paper on the guide along the adjuster. 7.

  • Page 21: Loading Sprocket-Feed Paper

    n Loading sprocket-feed This is standard computer sides and perforations sprocket, punched, It can be as narrow as 4”, and up to 10” wide (4 inches to 15.5 inches on 15-inch type). 1. Turn on the printer sprocket-feed 2. If the paper guide is installed, remove it, and put it aside for a moment.

  • Page 22: Adjusting The Print Head

    9. Set the release lever to the auto-feed setting. The printer will advance the paper automatically. 10. Feed the paper through the slot in the printer cover. 11. Install the paper guide on the printer. See Figure 2-10 for details. When used with sprocket-feed guide is turned around and laid flat on top of the printer as a paper separator.

  • Page 23: Testing The Printer

    There are four positions; you can feel the lever clicking into the various notches. The first step (shown) is the one most commmonly used for single sheets of paper. Try different positions until you get the best printing results. Adjust Figure 2-11.
  • Page 24 Self-test 1 DIP switch 2-2 ON !“tt$%t‘ O*+.-./01=5456789:: I JKLMNOPi~R.5 JUUWX YZC \ 1,‘ -’ ahcdrfghij/,Irnopyrstur,w*y-(,‘:” !"$$%6'()*+,-./01234567S9:;<->?~ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP~RSTUVWXYZL\l~~‘nbc IJKLHNOPQRSlVW XYZ[\J-_‘abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz( ! "#%%k 0 *+.-./01254567S9:: IJKL~NOPQRSJUUWXYZC \3-‘-’ !"#5$6'()'+,-./01234567S9:;<->?~ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP~RSTUVWXYZI\l-~-abc IJKLMNOPQRSIVVW XYZf\J^_‘abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz(:)" '"#B%P' 0*+.-./0123456789. IJXLnNOPaRSJllU~XYZC\3~-’ !"#$~'()*+,-./01234567S9:;<->?~ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPPRSTUVWXYZ~\l~~‘abc ZJKLMNOFQRSZVVW XYZt\J^_'abcdefghijklmnopgrstuvwxyz~:)" DIP switch 2-2 OFF v*fZwttrjJ ’ “kB7.99.’ (1 t+. ! “+t%%&,’...
  • Page 25 defqhl.li lmnooqrstuuwxyz :::’ defshijklmnopqrstuvwxyz( defghl~Llmnopqrstuvw::~~~: defghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz( defghl.,lilmnopqr-,tuvw::y~ : I :’ efgnl~lklmnopqr~tuvw:.y- :::* fqhl.1~.1mnopqrc,tuvw:.y- :: :” qhul lmnaparstuvwy: : I : * hll~.lmr,oPqr stuvw::y:: :: :- ~~t.lmnopqrstuvw!:y~ ::I- ‘“#%%ef‘ Figure 2-13. Connect the cable like this. f,‘#$%&. c ,*t,-.,0~“j~5L;89:;, !"XS%&"o*+,-./0123456789:;(->?QABCDEFGH .!“*E%,S*i ~*~.--.,01c’3~~6~:~:0:;~:= I:”...
  • Page 26 MEMO...

  • Page 27: Using The Printer With Commercial Software

    CHAPTER USING THE PRINTER WITH COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE Subjects covered in Chapter 3 include - Using commercial software Controlling the printer with the Panel mode USING COMMERCIAL Many of you purchased this printer to use with commercial software. You made a good choice because this printer is compatible with most commercial cessing programs...

  • Page 28: Word Processing With The Printer

    Some programs don’t ask you what kind of printer you have, but instead ask some questions do. The answers to the “most asked” questions are: Yes - this printer can do a “backspace”, “hardware form feed”. With these questions printing. Read the manual that came with your software and the next Chapter to see how to make it send information this printer to print.

  • Page 29: General Concepts

    the help of your program manual and the supporting in this manual, you should be able to figure out how yours works. GENERAL CONCEPTS Each word processing program has a way to get out of the standard text entry mode in order to accept the special printer function codes.
  • Page 30 master reset code and resets the printer to its DIP switch set- tings. These print characteristics by the printer when it is first turned on. The code sequence for master reset is < ESC > “@“. By checking the ASCII equivalents that the decimal expression is 27 64.

  • Page 31: Using The Printer With Easywriter

    We suggest you do three things. First, you should review Chapter 4 and Appendix C to become as familiar as possible with ASCII codes and the function codes. Second, read Chapter 4 which describes them in greater detail and shows examples of how they are used in BASIC pro- gramming.

  • Page 32: Redefining Pitch Settings And Print Control

    By changing the pitch settings, you can use the document ruler line to print pica, elite and condensed addition, you can use a similar method to print in near letter quality. The print control codes can be redefined to enhance the final product of your document.
  • Page 33 Press RETURN and the Edit Global Sequences screen will be displayed. These codes control the print functions for form feed, line feed, margin settings and automatic We do not recommend Press RETURN and the Edit Pitch Table screen will be displayed.
  • Page 34 these codes. They define how many lines per inch the printer uses. Press RETURN screen. Change all of the entry fields to Option 2 (Control Support) on the Edit Font Support screen. Also, make changes in the other fields to look like the figure shown below. Enter the codes written in italic into lines 41 - 50.
  • Page 35 Enter the codes written in italic into lines 51 - 66. 51. Normal to Bold Bold to Normal 53. Normal to Shadow Shadow to Normal 55. Normal to Underline 56. Underline to Normal 57. Normal to Double Double to Normal Normai to Overstrike 60.

  • Page 36: Redefining Your Own Print Pitches

    With the cursor under the “S” in “SUBJECT”, pitch in the ruler line to condensed width pitch. Name the ruler line “condensd” (without the quotes) and change the character pitch to 17 and the line spacing to 6. To make the subject title expanded, use the ALT and = keys (in the .line mode) to highlight the line.

  • Page 37: Redefining Your Own Print Control Keys

    your document The ASCII code sequence would be 27 80 27 52 to print italic pica pitch. n Redefining your own print control keys The ASCII codes to redetine the print control keys (Edit Font Sequences) are pretty straightforward. vidual ASCII decimal values to turn on and off different prints. You want to affect that aspect but not the print pitch itself.
  • Page 38 They include: n PS Underscore ^PD Double-strike h PT Superscript /r PC Print Pause It is also possible to define the ^PA (alternate pitch) com- mand to change the print WordStar User’s Manual fully describes the use of these ^P functions.
  • Page 39 If you do change several of the things listed in the /Print menu, Lotus l-2-3 will remember the selections that you have made and use them each time you print the spreadsheet. They are even saved with the spreadsheet same the next time that you use the spreadsheet. You can specify the range to print in all the normal ways: by pointing, by typing the cell addresses of the endpoints, entering a range name, or by using the F3 key to point to a...
  • Page 40 You can direct sections of headers and footers to the left, right, or center by using the / character. Each header or footer is divided into three sections; Left, center and right. The / character shows the limits of these sections. So to print a header with the date to the left, a title in the center, and a page number to the right, the header might look like this: Title...

  • Page 41: Using The Panel Modes

    USING THE PANEL At the end of this chapter, we’ll explain about the “Panel” mode, which is a powerful commercial software does not support defining your own se- lections. In this case use the “Panel” modes. Selection of any of the Panel Modes at power-on that your choices remain in effect until you turn the power off.

  • Page 42: Advanced Panel Functions

    key, press the MODE key once again to make your choice, and press the ON LINE key again. Remember select which print mode is the standard switch 2- 1. To select the Italic Panel Mode, press the TOF key while turning on the power.

  • Page 43: Setting Print Start Position

    n Setting print start position When you want to align the print start position, set it by the micro-feed operation with the control panel, instead of turning the platen knob manually. 1. Set the Off Line mode by pressing the On Line key. 2.
  • Page 44 MEMO...
  • Page 45 PRINTING Subjects covered in Chapter 4 include - Listing BASIC programs on the printer How a program prints things Control codes, escape codes, and command syntax Selecting the right software mode Near letter quality (NLQ) characters Fixed and proportional character spacing Special printing - Printing in italics Underlining and overlining...
  • Page 46 the easiest operations on what computer you have. In Microsoft BASIC, we can list all the steps in a program on the CRT screen; if we want to print them on a printer, we prefix the command The Microsoft BASIC command for outputting is PRINT.
  • Page 47 a dollar sign. Some numbers things, too. For instance, sending a 7 sounds the printer’s bell. Taken together, these numbers up the ASCII code (pronounced the American Standard There are ASCII codes for all the letters of the alphabet (upper case and lower case), 0 to 9,,most punctuation (but not all) of the functions of the printer.
  • Page 48 Your printer has a lot of control codes to let you do some useful things. Let’s try one that we’ve mentioned already: 10 ’ Demo of ASCII code 20 LPRINT CHR$(7) 30 END That’s the printer’s bell (we call it that even though it sounds like a buzzer).
  • Page 49 needed, so they included the escape (ESC) code to allow almost any number of additional codes to be defined when they became necessary. ESC allows us to “escape” from the ordinary set of control codes so we can specify additional mation needed for a printer function.
  • Page 50 Even though there are many commands of ASCII code 0 (the <NUL> (zero or ASCII code 48) cannot be substituted. instead of an unadorned these commands are referenced. That’s it for the basics. You are now ready to learn how to use the many features of your printer.
  • Page 51 40 LPRINT CHR$(27);"xO"; 50 LPRINT “This line In this program, line 20 selects NLQ characters with < ESC > “x” 1 command. Line 30 prints a sample before line 40 switches printer back to draft printing with an < ESC > “x” 0. When you run the program you should get this: shows This...
  • Page 52 Use this program to see italic characters: ’ Demo of italic 20 LPRINT CHR$ (27) ; “4” ; 30 LPRINT “This line 40 LPRINT CHR$ (27) ; “5”; 50 LPRINT “This line Here is what you should get: In this program, line 20 turns italic on with <...
  • Page 53 Underline and overline commands Function Underline ON Underline Overline ON Overline It’s that simple. Let’s try it with this program: 10 ’ Demo of underlining 20 LPRINT “Demo of 30 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “-1”; 40 LPRINT “UNDERLINED” ; 50 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “-0”; ”...
  • Page 54 and are half the height of normal characters. evenly with the tops of regular printing while evenly with the bottom of regular printing. They are frequently used to reference footnotes, Table 4-4 has the codes for using superscripts and subscripts. Superscripts and subscripts commands Function Superscript ON...
  • Page 55 pica (and is the same as the pica pitch on most typewriters). This works out to 136 characters per line. You can also print 12 characters per inch (elite pitch). This gives you 163 characters per line. You can set these pitches by using the Print Pitch key on the control panel manually, table below.
  • Page 56 Demo of expanded print 20 LPRINT "Demonstration of 'I; 30 LPRINT CHR$(14); 40 LPRINT "EXPANDED"; 50 LPRINT CHR$(20); 60 LPRINT M printing." 70 LPRINT "Notice that 'I; 80 LPRINT CHR$(P4); 90 LPRINT "EXPANDED mode" 100 LPRINT "automatically turns off at the end of a line."...
  • Page 57 When you turn on expanded print with < ESC > “W” 1 it stays on until you turn it off with < ESC > “W” 0. Expanded print commands n Condensed print Each of the print pitches also can be condensed to its normal width.
  • Page 58 Condensed print commands Function Condensed ON Condensed By combining expanded print and condensed print with the two pitches, this printer has eight different character available. Enter this program print and condensed print can be combined: Demo of various 20 LPRINT CHR$(l5); 30 LPRINT CHR$(27);"M";...
  • Page 59 n Proportional printing Have you ever looked closely at the printing magazines? Doesn’t it look nice? The main reason is that each character is given an amount of space proportional width. A typewriter give every character the same amount of space, no matter how wide it is.
  • Page 60 Line 20 selects the elite pitch and line 40 turns on the pro- portional printing with < ESC > “p” 1. Line 50 prints a line with proportional elite pitch. Then, line 60 selects the pica pitch, so that line 70 prints a line with proportional line 80 resets the proportional in normal pica pitch.
  • Page 61 10 ’ Demo of boldface 20 LPRINT CHR$(27) ;“G”; 30 LPRINT “This line 40 LPRINT CHR$ ( 27 1 ; “E” ; 50 LPRINT “This line 60 LPRINT CHR5 (27) ; “H” ; 70 LPRINT “This line 80 LPRINT CHR5(27) ;“F”; 90 LPRINT “This line 100 END...
  • Page 62 You have at your disposal a unique command choose any valid combination is the Master print mode command. < ESC > “!” n Here, the value of n defines the print style to be selected. The value of n can range from 0 to 255, which is the range of values that can be stored in one eight-bit byte.
  • Page 63 To better understand that each mode except pica (pica is the default) has a separate switch that can be turned on and off via software. Once the switch is on, it stays on until turned off. However when two modes that conflict are turned on at the same time, the printer must choose which one to use.
  • Page 64 MEMO...
  • Page 65 CHAPTER FORMATTING Subjects covered in Chapter 5 include - The carriage return and line feed The amount of space between lines Moving to the next page The number of lines on a printed page Horizontal and vertical tabs Setting margins-left, Centering and aligning Chapter 4 showed us the basic techniques...
  • Page 66 it returns the print head to the left margin. It does not advance the paper (if DIP switch l-5 is on; see below). Line feed is more complicated. a CHR$(lO) it both advances the paper one line and returns the print head to the left margin, ready to start a new line. Now to add a little confusion-most of BASIC add a line feed (CHR$( 10)) to every carriage return (CHR$( 13)) they receive.
  • Page 67 Function Return print head to left margin Advance paper one line Reverse paper one line n Changing the line spacing When you turn your printer on, the line spacing is set to 6 lines per inch. This is fine for most printing applications, when you want something different, the printer makes it easy to set the line spacing to whatever you want.
  • Page 68 This is what you will get: If you run this program with DIP switch 2-2 off (IBM mode), you cannot get the printout The < ESC > “A” CHR$(n) command only defines the line spacing as n/72 of an inch; the < ESC > “2”...
  • Page 69 You may wonder why l/72 of an inch was chosen as the increment for the line spacing command. There’s a good reason: the dots that the printer makes are l/72 inch apart. So this means that you can vary the line spacing in increments as fine as one dot - unless you want finer spacing, in which case you may use one third dot spacing.
  • Page 70 Table 5-2 shows all the line spacing commands, several “shortcut” commands for commonly used line spacings. Line spacing commands Function Set line spacing to l/S inch Set line spacing to 7/72 inch Set line spacing to l/6 inch n/72 Set line spacing n/72 Define line spacing Use <...
  • Page 71 The < ESC > “J” CHR$(n) command make one line feed of n/21 6 inch, but does not change the setting of the line spacing. Try this program to see how it works: 10 ’ Demo of one-time 20 LPRINT “LINE NUMBER 1.” 30 LPRINT “LINE NUMBER 2.
  • Page 72 PAGE CONTROL Now that we have seen how to control line spacing, we can go on to page control - positioning and adjusting the paper length. n Form feed The simplest forms control code is the (or < FF > ) is CHR$(12) and causes the printer to move the paper to the top of the next sheet.
  • Page 73 back to the top of the page to start the second column. The code for reverse form feed is easy to remember: <FF>. Function Advance paper to top of next page Reverse paper to top of current page 1 Sets,the top of form to the current 1 position n Changing the page length You may have some computer...
  • Page 74 After you have run this program, adjust the top of form position. back on the page length will reset to its normal setting (usually 11 inches). TOP AND BOTTOM Some programs don’t keep track of where they are printing on the page. This causes problems when you get to the bottom of a page because these programs just keep on printing, right over the perforation.
  • Page 75 ' Demo of top and bottom margins 60 LPRINT CHR$(12); 70 FOR I=1 TO 150 80 LPRINT "THIS IS LINE";1 90 NEXT I 110 LPRINT CHR$(12); 120 END When you run this program it will print 150 lines right down the page and across the perforations.
  • Page 76 ---+------------------ THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE 1 THIS LINE THIS LINE <- I TNF THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE THIS LINE...
  • Page 77 Try setting the margins with this program: Demo of margins GOSUB 70 LPRINT CHR$(27);“1”;CHR$(lO); LPRINT CHR$(27) ;“Q”;CHR$t70); GOSUB 70 FOR I=1 TO 80 LPRINT “X” ; NEXT I 100 LPRINT 110 RETURN The tirst thing that this program subroutine that starts in line 70. This subroutine X’s in a row.
  • Page 78 HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL Suppose you need to move across the page to a certain position several times in a document. in space after space. You don’t have to - you can “tab” your way across the page. Your printer’s tabs are like those on a typewriter, but much more powerful.
  • Page 79 When you run the program now it produces this: The words are now closer together, but still evenly spaced. To reset the default tabs, use the following program: LPRIN'T CHR$(27);"eO";CHR$O This command resets the horizontal lumns. Horizontal Function Advance to next tab position Set tabs at nl, etc.
  • Page 80 The absolute horizontal tab command moves the print head to a specified position on the page. The positon that you want the print head to move to (measured from the left margin) is specified by the values of nl and n2 in l/60-inch units using the formula nl + n2 x 256.
  • Page 81 n Vertical tabs Vertical tabs have the same kinds of uses that horizontal tabs do - they just work in the other direction. allow you to reach a specific column on the page no matter where you start from. Vertical tabs are the same. If you have a vertical tab set at line 20, a vertical tab (or <...
  • Page 82 Add one more line to the program to demonstrate feature of vertical tabs. 80 LPRINT CHR$(ll);"FIFTHH TAB." NQW when you run the program the first page looks just like before, but line 80 sends one more < VT > than there are tabs. This doesn’t confuse the printer - it advances the paper to the next tab position, which happens to be the first tab position on the next page.
  • Page 83 Line, LPRINT ‘I* 5th 70 LPRINT CHR$(27) ;“fl”;CHR$(3); 80 LPRINT CHR$(27);“fO”;CHR$(5); 90 LPRINT ‘I* 8th Line, 100 END In this program, line 30 sends a one-time vertical tab with < ESC > “f” 1 command. tab with < ESC > “f’ 0 command. 80 send one-time vertical tab and one-time horizontal the line 90 prints text at the specified position.
  • Page 84 Vertical tab channel commands Function Set vertical tabs at nl, n2, as channel Select vertical channel You can store up to eight channels of tab stops. They are numbered from 0 to 7. If you have already stored a set using <...
  • Page 85 FORM CHANNEL ‘ND CHANNEL ING AND AL .I CENTER Text can be arranged or left justified (normal printing with “ragged” right margin), centered between the margins, right aligned (right justified), or fully aligned. These are selected by the following commands: Try this program to see how easy it is.
  • Page 86 10 ’ Demo of aligning and centering 20 LPRINT CHR$(27);"1";CHR$(20); 30 LPRINT CHR$(27);"Q";CHR$(601; 40 LPRINT CHR$(27);"a";CHR$(O); 50 LPRINT "THIS LINE IS LEFT JUSTIFIED." 60 LPRINT CHR$(27);"a";CHR$(l); 70 LPRINT "THIS LINE IS CENTERED." 80 LPRINT CHR$(27);"a";CHR$(2); 90 LPRINT "THIS LINE IS RIGHT JUSTIFIED." 100 LPRINT CHR$(27);"a";CHR$(3);...
  • Page 87 CHAPTER 6 SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE PRINTER Subjects covered in Chapter 6 include - Printer’s bell Master reset IX-directional printing International character sets Printing BIG characters The optional sheet feeder Macro instruction Reading a hex dump In the previous chapters we have learned about several groups of control codes.
  • Page 88 it will sound the bell for a quarter of a second. used to remind the operator to change the paper or to make other adjustments to the printer. You can try this by typing: LPRINT CHR$(7) n Resetting the printer Up to now when we wanted to reset the printer to the power on condition we have had to either turn the printer off and...
  • Page 89 Your printer has the ability to print right to the bottom of the sheet. You can disable the paper-out doesn’t stop the printer. This will allow you to print to the end of the sheet, and even beyond if you are not careful. The codes to control the paper-out codes that we have just looked at are in the following table.
  • Page 90 The following program shows how these codes work. 10 LPRINT "BACKSPACE DOES NOT"; 20 LPRINT CHR$(8);CHR$(8);CHR$(8); 30 LPRINT 'I=== WORK" 40 LPRINT "DELETE DOES NOT"; 50 LPRINT CHR$(127);CHR$(127);CHR$(127); 60 LPRINT “WORK” 70 LPRINT "CANCEL LINE"; 80 LPRINT CHRs(24); 90 LPRINT "DOES NOT WORK"...
  • Page 91 n Immediate-print This printer can print at the quick rate of 180 characters per second. But it will also print more slowly at the speed of your typing. In the prints one character at a time, as you send it. The printer also moves the paper up so that you can see the current line and then down to continue printing.
  • Page 92 10 ’ Demo of adjusting 20 LPRINT CHH$ (27) ; “xl”; 30 FOR I=10 TO 1 STEP -2 40 LPRINT CHR$(27);” 50 LPRINT “This line NEXT I 70 LPRINT CHR$(27) ;‘I “;CHR$(O) ; 80 LPRINT “This line 90 END This line line This...
  • Page 93 ’ Demo of uni-directional 20 LPRINT CHR$ (27) ; “1” ; 30 FOR I=1 TO 10 II , II 40 LPRINT 50 NEXT I 60 LPRINT :LPRINT 70 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; “Ul”; 80 FOR I=1 TO 10 ,I I II 90 LPRINT 100 NEXT I 110 LPRINT CHR$(12) ;CHR$(27) ;“Q”...
  • Page 94 command immediately and then prints the remainder of the line from left to right. n The seven bit dilemma Some computers (not the IBM-PC fortunately!) the capability to send eight bits on their parallel interface, but can only send seven bits. This would make it impossible for these computers to use this printer’s block graphics characters and special symbols if our engineers hadn’t thought...
  • Page 95 You can also specify the power-on default character set by setting DIP switch 2-4 on for character character set #2. The following program will print out all of the graphics characters available: 10 LPRINT CHR5(27) ; “0”; 20 LPRINT. CHR$ (27) ; “6” ; 30 FOR J=3 TO 6 40 LPRINT.
  • Page 96 Figure 6-1. Character set #2...
  • Page 97 70 LPRINT CHR$(179);CHR5(32);CHR$(32);CHR5(32); CHR$(32);CHR$(53);CHR$(179) 80 LPRINT CHR$(192);CHR5(196);CHR5(196); CHR$(196);CHR$(196);CHR5(196);CHR5(217) 90 LPRINT CHR5(27);"7" If you have a 7-bit interface, add the following lines to the program given above: 15 LPRINT CHR5(27);">"; 95 LPRINT CHR$(271;"=" In this program, line 10 selects character set #2 so that all the graphics characters symbol).
  • Page 98 International 1 Denmark type II Note: When you set the printer to the IBM-P mode, use < FS > instead of <ESC>. The characters that change are shown beneath their ASCII code in Table 6-5. International Spain pxl$l@l 1 Denmark type I n Printing characters in the control code area When you refer the Appendix B, you’ll find many characters are printed...
  • Page 99 plus 127. and the high-order 159 plus 255.) These codes don’t normally print symbols on paper, rather they cause the printer to change modes. To make them print as normal symbols requires an extra command. the command to “normalize” < ESC > “6”. Try this program with the DIP switch 2-2 on. 10 ’...
  • Page 100 80 IF I=24 THEN 110 90 IF I=27 THEN 110 100 LPRINT CHR$(I); 110 NEXT I 120 LPRINT 130 FOR I=128 TO 134 140 LPRINT. CHR$(I); 150 NEXT I 160 LPRINT CHR$(144);CHR$(145); 170 FOR*I=149 TO 159 180 IF I=152 T'HEN 210 IF I=155 THEN 210 200 LPRINT CHR$(I);...

  • Page 101: Then

    If you want to print more characters using the < ESC > “\” command you must tell the printer how many characters should be printed. The total number of characters is equal to nl + (n2 x 256). For example, if you want to print 300 characters, nl = 44 and n2 = 1 (300 = 44 + 1 x 256), the control code will be the following: <...
  • Page 102 Control code area commands Function Printable code area expansion Control code area expansion Select undefined codes as characters Cancel undefined codes as characters Print characters from all character Print a character from all character n Printing BIG characters You can even enlarge your character grabbing headings or special effects.

  • Page 103: Lprint Chr$(I)

    When you run this program, As you can see, when the big character command the baseline for each character does not align. If you want to align the baseline, try this program: ' Demo of BIG characters 20 LPRINT “THIS IS “; 30 LPRINT CHR$(27);“j”;CHR$(21);...
  • Page 104 that done on computer “perforations” off each sheet as you must with fan-fold paper. The automatic sheet feeder feeds a new sheet automatically every time the printer receives or generates a form feed. Any time you wish, you can turn the auto-feed unit on and off by using control codes.
  • Page 105 for the macro: one to define it, and one to use it. They are given in the Table 6-9. Macro instruction commands Function Define macro Use macro To see how this works we can build a macro that will reset the printing style to normal, no matter what style it may be to start with.
  • Page 106 10 LPRINT CHR$(27);"Q";CHR$(40); 20 LPRINT CHR$(271;"a";CHR$(2); 30 LPRINT CHR$(27);"-1"; 40 LPRINT CHR$(27);"h";CHR$( 1); 50 LPRINT "TESTING ABCD" 60 LPRINT CHR$(27);"+";CHR$( 1): 70 LPRINT "TESTING ABCD" 80 END n Reading a hex dump The BASIC in some computers changes ASCII codes before they send them to the printer.
  • Page 107 oc, 0 1 0: 0 1. 01 ,:,s 06 0, 1‘1 “0 >1 51.1 51 61.1 61 717 71 I?‘:1 81 f-lb 5‘: At.1 Rl CC) Cl C’I IIt- D’: EC1 EL f:;: Ft-1 FI F-1: P-4 IO!3 OA Most BASICS, however, are not quite that straight forward. For example, the IBM-PC prints the following: 00 I:11 (‘2 c.,;...
  • Page 108 MEMO...
  • Page 109 DOWNLOAD CHARACTERS DOT GRAPHICS Subjects covered in Chapter 7 include - Designing and printing your own characters User-designed graphics Using the procedures standard functions can be utilized. There are two additional user-defined functions own characters, and designing graphics. These two functions symbol, or any graphic shape.
  • Page 110 nation of dots. For example, if the data representing sent to the print head, only the bottom pin would fire; if “2” was sent, only the second pin from the bottom would fire, and if “3” was sent, the two bottom Columns of these dots side by side make all the characters.
  • Page 111 dots wide by 9 dots high. Vertically, dots can only be centered in a box. See Figure 7-2. The minimum width of a character is five dots. Unlike standard height of seven dots, user-defined eight dots vertically. Dots cannot overlap - that is, you may not have a dot inside a box next to one that is on a line.
  • Page 112 m, m~mlm.mrmsm,msmem.om~~ Total Figure 7-3. Use this grid (or one similar to it) to define your own draft characters. Figure 7-4. Add the values of the dots in each column sum of each column at the bottom. ASCII Code: Descender: Start column: End column: = Descender...
  • Page 113 You will see the letters ml, m2, m3, etc., are above your values. When you define the character, you will substitute your value for each of these letters. Before you complete the definition, exactly where in the standard your characters. After downloading, character by sending the code for the character you replaced.
  • Page 114 ml to ml1 are the column data we defined along the bottom of the grid; ml the left-most column value, m2 the next, and so on. You must define eleven data, even if the last few data are 0. For the flask, the complete command CHR$(27);CHR$(38);CHR$(O);CHR$(60);CHR$(60);...

  • Page 115: Next I

    Define characters, “8~” CHR$(O) ..Tell printer to use download 6byfo” 1 To demonstrate how to use the download use the “flask” character acters to print a small graph. This program will do just that: 10 LPRINT CHR$ (27) ; ” : ‘I; CHR$(O);CHR$(O);CHR$(0); 20 LPRINT CHR$(27);"&";CHR$(O);CHR$(60);CHR$(62);...

  • Page 116: Lprint

    NEXT I LPRINT LPRINT CHR$ (9) ; ‘It--” ; SCALE$=“--+--” FOR I=2 TO 8 STEP 2 LPRINT SCALE$; NEXT I LPRINT ‘I--t ‘I LPRINT CHR$(9) ; ” FOR I=2 TO 8 STEP 2 LPRINT ” “; I; NEXT I LPRINT CHR$ (27) ; “%O” LPRINT CHR$(27) ;“SO”;...
  • Page 117 when desired. Acceptable values are from 4 to 11. The minimum character width is five dots, anywhere within the range. q Downloading with the IBM-P mode In the IBM-P mode, which emulates the IBM Proprinter, you can download characters with a different control code in addition to the <...
  • Page 118 If the total count is greater than or equal to 256, then divide the total count by 256. nl = the remainder, integer part of the result. For example, for 3 characters: total count =(3 x 13) + 2 = 41 nl = 41, and n2 = 0 For 80 characters: total count =(80 x 13) + 2 = 1042...
  • Page 119 DEFINING YOUR As you have probably noticed, NLQ characters are printed by two passes of the print head. Half of the character is printed on the first pass, and the remainder paper is rolled up half a dot height in between passes to let the print head print dots on the second pass that overlap the previous dots, in order to fill in the spaces and produce denser characters.
  • Page 120 Total m, m, m, m7 m, m,, m,, m,. ml7 rn,, rn,, ma, rn, m. m. me rn,, m,, m,. m,, m,. m,, rn,, m,. rn,, m,. m,, rn,* m,, m,. m,, m.O m., m.. m.. rn,, m,, m,, m,, m,, m,, rn3, m,, m., m., m., Figure 7-6.
  • Page 121 Total m, m, m, m, m, m,, m,,m,, m, m, m, me m,. mr2 m,. mra ml-rnzO mz2 p.a.1. p. 9. 8 .JYb. 0. m,. rnze rn*, m,. m,, m,. m,. rn,, mro m., ma. m** rnzl mh ml* rnax m,, m,, rn,, rnsp m., rn., rn., fi, 7.
  • Page 122 160 DATA 70, 170 DATA 28. 32, 14, 64, 14, 0, 12 180 DATA 64, 12, 32, 14, 16, 190 DATA 128, 0, 200 DATA 24, 0 210 DATA 32, 16, 14, 48, 14, 48, 14, 32, 0, 40 220 DATA 0, 36, 230 LPRINT CHR$(27);"D";CHR$(ll);CHR$(O);...

  • Page 123: End

    520 NEXT I 530 LPRlNT CHR$(27);"%0" 540 LPRINT CHR$(27);"SO"; 550 LPRINT CHR$(9);"MILLIONS OF DOLLARS" 560 LPRINT CHR$(27);"T" 570 END AUTOS CHEMICALS ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ GUNS +----+----+----+---.-+----+ MILLIONS USER-DESIGNED Designing and printing graphics is similar to the procedures for characters, except that the printed width can range from one to 3264 dots on a 15inch type printer.
  • Page 124 number that can be sent in one byte (253, the formula to work out nl and n2 is: if the number of columns is X, then nl = X MOD 256, and n2 = TNT(X/256) Table 7-l may make the calculation If the number of columns, x, ranges from: 1 to 255...
  • Page 125 n Higher resolution graphics There are seven graphics summarized in Table 7-2. Dot graphics commands You will notice that the higher the density of the graphic mode, the more points you will need to plot. Higher density modes also take longer to print. The double density double speed mode ignores every second column of dots to give you a quick printout for debugging purposes;...
  • Page 126 MORE GRAPHICS At the end of this chapter, we’ll discuss two modes that the printer offers to help you solve potential A redefining code allows you to change the density for graphics programs that use one of the four alternate codes. The g-pin graphics mode allows you to use all nine pins on each line and thus speed up screen dumps.
  • Page 127 a printer, each data line corresponds head. Thus each byte sent will fire up to eight pins. But the printer has 9 pins available. So how do you fire the ninth pin with only 8 data lines? In fact, do you really want to bother with just one extra pin? For this purpose, your printer has a special 9-pin graphics mode (it won’t, however, work with 7-bit interface systems).
  • Page 128 MEMO...

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