Solvent Miscibility - Waters Alliance e2695 Operator's Manual

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D.3

Solvent miscibility

Before you change solvents, refer to the following table to determine the miscibility of the solvents
to be used. When you change solvents, be aware of these issues:
Changes involving two miscible solvents are made directly. Changes involving two solvents
that are not totally miscible (for example, from chloroform to water), require an intermediate
solvent (such as methanol).
Temperature affects solvent miscibility. If you are running a high-temperature application,
consider the effect of the higher temperature on solvent solubility.
Buffers dissolved in water can precipitate when mixed with organic solvents.
When you switch from a strong buffer to an organic solvent, flush the buffer out of the system with
distilled water before you add the organic solvent.
Table D–6: Solvent miscibility
Polarity
index
-0.3
-0.4
0.0
0.0
1.7
1.8
2.2
2.3
2.4
3.0
3.3
3.4
3.7
3.9
3.9
4.2
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.6
Viscosity
Solvent
CP, 20 °C
N-decane
0.92
Iso-octane
0.50
N-hexane
0.313
Cyclohexane
0.98
Butyl ether
0.70
Triethylamine
0.38
Isopropyl ether
0.33
Toluene
0.59
P-xylene
0.70
Benzene
0.65
Benzyl ether
5.33
Methylene chloride
0.44
Ethylene chloride
0.79
Butyl alcohol
3.00
Butanol
3.01
Tetrahydrofuran
0.55
Ethyl acetate
0.47
1-propanol
2.30
2-propanol
2.35
Methyl acetate
0.45
Methyl ethyl ketone
0.43
Cyclohexanone
2.24
Nitrobenzene
2.03
Benzonitrile
1.22
February 27, 2018, 715003794 Rev. C
Boiling
point °C
(@1 atm)
174.1
99.2
68.7
80.7
142.2
89.5
68.3
100.6
138.0
80.1
288.3
39.8
83.5
117.7
177.7
66.0
77.1
97.2
117.7
56.3
80.0
155.7
210.8
191.1
Page 228
 cut-off
Miscibility
number (M)
(nm)
29
––
29
210
29
––
28
210
26
––
26
––
––
220
23
285
24
290
21
280
––
––
20
245
20
––
––
––
15
––
17
220
19
260
15
210
15
––
15, 17
260
17
330
28
210
14, 20
––
15, 19
––

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