Power Swing Detect - GE L60 Instruction Manual

5 SETTINGS
The operating characteristic and logic figures should be viewed along with the following discussion to develop an under-
standing of the operation of the element.
The power swing detect element operates in three-step or two-step mode:
• Three-step operation: The power swing blocking sequence essentially times the passage of the locus of the positive-
sequence impedance between the outer and the middle characteristic boundaries. If the locus enters the outer charac-
teristic (indicated by the
cated by the
POWER SWING MIDDLE
power swing blocking signal (
nal resets when the locus leaves the outer characteristic, but not sooner than the
• Two-step operation: If the two-step mode is selected, the sequence is identical, but it is the outer and inner character-
istics that are used to time the power swing locus.
The out-of-step tripping feature operates as follows for three-step and two-step power swing detection modes:
• Three-step operation: The out-of-step trip sequence identifies unstable power swings by determining if the imped-
ance locus spends a finite time between the outer and middle characteristics and then a finite time between the middle
and inner characteristics. The first step is similar to the power swing blocking sequence. After timer
times out, latch 1 is set as long as the impedance stays within the outer characteristic.
PICKUP DELAY 1
If afterwards, at any time (given the impedance stays within the outer characteristic), the locus enters the middle char-
acteristic but stays outside the inner characteristic for a period of time defined as
2 is set as long as the impedance stays inside the outer characteristic. If afterwards, at any time (given the impedance
stays within the outer characteristic), the locus enters the inner characteristic and stays there for a period of time
defined as
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 3
the element is now ready to trip.
If the "Early" trip mode is selected, the
set by the
POWER SWING SEAL-IN DELAY
locus leaves the inner characteristic, then times out the
now ready to trip. The trip operand is set later, when the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic.
• Two-step operation: The two-step mode of operation is similar to the three-step mode with two exceptions. First, the
initial stage monitors the time spent by the impedance locus between the outer and inner characteristics. Second, the
stage involving the
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2
( ) and tripping (
POWER SWING BLOCK
put contacts in order to make this element fully operational.
The element can be set to use either lens (mho) or rectangular (quadrilateral) characteristics as illustrated below. When set
to "Mho", the element applies the right and left blinders as well. If the blinders are not required, their settings should be set
high enough to effectively disable the blinders.
GE Multilin
FlexLogic operand) but stays outside the middle characteristic (indi-
POWER SWING OUTER
FlexLogic operand) for an interval longer than
FlexLogic operand) is established and sealed-in. The blocking sig-
POWER SWING BLOCK
, latch 2 is set as long as the impedance stays inside the outer characteristic;
POWER SWING TRIP
. If the "Delayed" trip mode is selected, the element waits until the impedance
timer is bypassed. It is up to the user to integrate the blocking
POWER SWING TRIP
L60 Line Phase Comparison System
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 1
POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2
operand is set immediately and sealed-in for the interval
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2
) FlexLogic operands with other protection functions and out-
5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS
, the
time.
POWER SWING
, latch
and sets Latch 4; the element is
5-167
5