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Summary of Contents for Hukseflux DR01
- Page 1 USER MANUAL DR-SERIES PYRHELIOMETERS First class pyrheliometer DR01 Fast response first class pyrheliometer DR02 Compact fast response first class pyrheliometer DR03 Copyright by Hukseflux | manual v1609 | www.huksefluxusa.com | info@huksefluxusa.com...
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Page 2: Warning Statements
Warning statements Putting more than 12 Volt across the sensor wiring can lead to permanent damage to the sensor. Do not use “open circuit detection” when measuring the sensor output. DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 2/47... -
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Appendices Appendix on cable extension / replacement Appendix on optional chassis connector & cable connector Appendix on tools for DR01 / DR02 / DR03 Appendix on spare parts for DR01 / DR02/ DR03 Appendix on standards for classification and calibration... -
Page 4: List Of Symbols
List of symbols Quantities Symbol Unit Voltage output Sensitivity V/(W/m Solar irradiance (see also appendix 9.8 on meteorological quantities) Subscripts Not applicable DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 4/47... -
Page 5: Introduction
DR02 and DR03 are the fast-response versions of DR01. The difference is in detector technology, resulting in a much faster response time (95 %) for DR02 and DR03: 2 s instead of the traditional 12 s. DR02 has the same body and dimensions as DR01. DR03 is a compact version of DR02 pyrheliometer. - Page 6 Using DR01 is easy. It can be connected directly to commonly used data logging systems. The irradiance, E, in W/m is calculated by dividing the DR01 output, a small voltage U, by the sensitivity S. The sensitivity is provided with DR01 on its calibration certificate. The central equation governing DR01 is: E = U/S (Formula 0.1)
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Page 7: Ordering And Checking At Delivery
Temperature dependence characterisation Improved temperature response Standard DR01 / DR02 / DR03 pyrheliometers are equipped with a cable with cable gland. Optionally the instrument may be ordered with a chassis connector and a cable with connector. Please consult Hukseflux. -
Page 8: Quick Instrument Check
The typical resistance of the wiring is 0.1 Ω/m. Typical resistance should be the typical sensor resistance of 400 to 500 Ω for DR01 and 150 to 250 Ω for DR02 and DR03, plus 1.5 Ω for the total resistance of two wires (back and forth) of each 5 m. -
Page 9: Instrument Principle And Theory
(standard length 5 metres cable, optional longer cable) DR01’s scientific name is pyrheliometer. It measures the solar radiation received by a plane surface from a 5 ° full field of view angle. In addition to the full field of view angle, (the angle from the centre of the sensor to the edge of the aperture window) WMO recommends in WMO manual 7.2 a slope angle (the angle from the side of the sensor to... - Page 10 “flat” as possible. For a correct measurement DR01 should be pointed at the sun. It is usually mounted on a solar tracker. For tracking requirements see the appendix on solar tracking.
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Page 11: Specifications Of Dr01 / Dr02 / Dr03
Specifications of DR01 / DR02 / DR03 3.1 Specifications DR01 measures the solar radiation received by a plane surface from a from a 5 ° full field of view angle and a 1 ° slope angle, i.e. the acceptance function recommended by WMO. - Page 12 Table 3.1.1 Specifications of DR01 / DR02 / DR03 (continued) ADDITIONAL SPECIFICATIONS Measurand direct solar radiation with the acceptance function recommended by WMO Measurand in SI radiometry units irradiance in W/m Optional measurand sunshine duration Measurement range 0 to 4000 W/m...
- Page 13 Table 3.1.1 Specifications of DR01 / DR02 / DR03 (continued) IP protection class IP67 Desiccant Two bags of silica gel, 0.5 g, (35 x 20) x 10 Recommended desiccant replacement 2 years interval (typically at the moment of calibration) Humidity indicator...
- Page 14 Table 3.1.1 Specifications of DR01/DR02/DR03 (started on previous pages) MEASUREMENT ACCURACY Uncertainty of the measurement statements about the overall measurement uncertainty can only be made on an individual basis. See the chapter on uncertainty evaluation WMO ESTIMATE OF ACHIEVABLE MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY Minute totals ±...
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Page 15: Dimensions Of Dr01 & Dr02
3.2 Dimensions of DR01 & DR02 Figure 3.2.1 Dimensions of DR01 and DR02 in x 10 m. For DR03 dimensions see the dedicated chapter on DR03. DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 15/47... -
Page 16: Standards And Recommended Practices For Use
Meteorological Instruments Use of Pyranometers, and Methods of Observation, Pyrheliometers and UV chapter 7, measurement of Radiometers radiation, 7.2 measurement of direct solar radiation WCRP - 121, WMO/TD-No. 1274: BSRN operations manual version 2.1-2005 DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 16/47... -
Page 17: General Use For Sunshine Duration Measurement
WMO publishes WMO-No. 8; Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, in which a table is included on “level of performance” of pyrheliometers. Nowadays WMO conforms itself to the ISO classification system. DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 17/47... -
Page 18: Installation Of Pyrheliometers
A maximum deviation of better than 0.75 ° is allowed (for DR01 and DR02 ± 0.5 ° relative to the pyrheliometer sight alignment, for DR03 ± 0.3 ° ) before it results in measurement errors. -
Page 19: Electrical Connection
The wiring electrical connection of your instrument can be found on its product certificate. Table 5.3.1 The electrical connection of DR01. In the standard DR01, only the signal and heater wires are used. The table also shows connection of optional versions T1 and T2. -
Page 20: Requirements For Data Acquisition / Amplification
DR01 are available. In case programming for similar instruments is available, this can typically also be used. The irradiance signal of DR01 can usually be treated in the same way as other thermopile pyrheliometers and pyranometers. -
Page 21: Making A Dependable Measurement
* defined at Hukseflux as all factors outside the instrument that are relevant to the measurement such as the cloud cover (presence or absence of direct radiation), sun position, the local horizon (which may be obstructed). -
Page 22: Reliability Of The Measurement
Data can also be compared to measurements by local meteorological stations. DNI data can often be compared to pyranometer measurements (global irradiance and diffuse), assessing the uncertainty by looking if the totals match up. DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 22/47... -
Page 23: Speed Of Repair And Maintenance
Measurement” or GUM). 6.4.1 Definition of the measurand DR01 measures direct solar radiation with an acceptance function as recommended by WMO (see also the appendix on the terminology). In most measurements related to meteorology, solar energy resource assessment and PV system performance monitoring, the required measurand equals the DR01 measurand. - Page 24 6.4.2 Contributions from circumsolar radiation DR01 measures by definition direct solar radiation with an acceptance function as recommended by WMO. (see also the appendix on the terminology). The measurement includes a certain amount of circumsolar radiation. Table 6.4.2.1 contributions from the circumsolar radiation to the DNI measurement with a pyrheliometer with a 5 °...
- Page 25 3) A separate estimate has to be entered to allow for estimated uncertainty due to the instrument maintenance level. 4) The calibration uncertainty has to be entered. Please note that Hukseflux calibration uncertainties are lower than those of alternative equipment. These uncertainties are entered in measurement equation (equation is usually Formula 0.1: E = U/S), either as...
- Page 26 WMO, for instance when estimating the input to Concentrated PV panels (CPV), this leads to additional measurement uncertainty. The following two tables show results by Hukseflux and WMO; the latter without entering calibration uncertainty. Table 6.4.4.1 Preliminary estimate of the achievable uncertainty of measurements with first class pyrheliometers.
- Page 27 Our latest calibration method results in an uncertainty of the sensitivity of less than 1.2 %. The user may receive an instrument with a lower uncertainty. See the calibration report for the exact value. DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 27/47...
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Page 28: Maintenance And Trouble Shooting
Maintenance and trouble shooting 7.1 Recommended maintenance and quality assurance DR01 is typically used for high-accuracy measurements and cannot measure reliably at a low level of maintenance. As a general rule this means that regular cleaning of the window and visual inspection of alignment accuracy combined with a critical review of the measured data, preferably checking against other measurements, is the preferred way to obtain a reliable measurement. -
Page 29: Trouble Shooting
Check the condition of the sensor cable. Check if the cable is not moving during the measurement Arrange to send the sensor back to Hukseflux for diagnosis or find a local qualified instrument partner to perform diagnostics. shows internal... -
Page 30: Calibration And Checks In The Field
At Hukseflux an indoor calibration according to the same standard is used. In case of field comparison; ISO allows use of sensors of the same class. Hukseflux recommends also using the same model, because an intercomparison of similar instruments has the advantage that they suffer from the same offsets and contributions of circumsolar radiation. -
Page 31: Dr03
DR03 is a high accuracy direct (normal incidence) solar radiation sensor with a short response time and a relatively small size. DR03’s compact size improves compatibility with small sized trackers. Specifications of DR03 can be found in the general specification table. The specification of DR03 deviates from DR01 in: dimensions ... -
Page 32: Dimensions Of Dr03
Figure 8.2.1 Overview of DR03: humidity indicator sights aperture tube protection cap window assembly with heater cable gland cable (standard length 5 metres cable, optional longer cable) Figure 8.2.2 Dimensions of DR03 in x 10 DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 32/47... - Page 33 DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 33/47...
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Page 34: Appendices
Please consult Hukseflux for instructions on cable preparation or use Hukseflux-supplied parts. DR01 is equipped with one cable. Keep the distance between data logger or amplifier and sensor as short as possible. Cables act as a source of distortion by picking up capacitive noise. -
Page 35: Appendix On Optional Chassis Connector & Cable Connector
(internal wiring inside DR01 body) 9.4 Appendix on spare parts for DR01 / DR02/ DR03 protection cap DR01 DR01 cable (specify length in multiples of 5 m), sealed at one end cable gland DR01 o-ring DR01... -
Page 36: Appendix On Standards For Classification And Calibration
Indoor Transfer of Calibration from Reference to Field Pyranometers ISO 9059:1990 Solar energy -- Calibration of ASTM E 816 Standard Test Method for field pyrheliometers by comparison to a Calibration of Pyrheliometers by Comparison to reference pyrheliometer Reference Pyrheliometers DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 36/47... -
Page 37: Appendix On Calibration Hierarchy
(transfer error). The coverage factor must be determined; at Hukseflux we work with a coverage factor k = 2. DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609... -
Page 38: Appendix On Requirements For Solar Tracking
The resolution (i.e. the ability to meaningfully distinguish between measurement results) of the DR01 and DR02 sights is 0.2 °. This means that if the pyrheliometer sight is used as a reference, the tracking accuracy should remain within 0.6 °. -
Page 39: Appendix On Meteorological Radiation Quantities
In solar energy radiant exposure is often given in W∙h/m Table 9.8.1 Meteorological radiation quantities as recommended by WMO (additional symbols by Hukseflux Thermal Sensor). POA stands for Plane of Array irradiance. The term originates from ASTM and IEC standards. -
Page 40: Appendix On Iso And Wmo Classification Tables
ISO. WMO does not specify a second class or moderate quality pyrheliometer. Hukseflux conforms to the ISO limits. WMO also specifies achievable accuracies. ISO finds this not to be a part of the classification system because it also involves calibration. - Page 41 WMO 7.3.2.5: Table 7.5 lists the expected maximum deviation from the true value, excluding calibration errors. ** At Hukseflux we use the expression ± 1 % instead of a range of 2 %. *** an instrument is subject to conformity testing of its specifications. Depending on the classification, conformity compliance can be proven either by group- or individual compliance.
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Page 42: Appendix On Definition Of Pyrheliometer Specifications
Hukseflux at the opposite side. (ref: IEA SHC #46 and EU FP7 MACC-II / ISO projects, published by Blanc et al. 2014) 9060- 1990 DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 42/47... -
Page 43: Appendix On Terminology / Glossary
The former is the direct component, the latter is the diffuse component of the solar radiation. (ref: WMO, Hukseflux) Hemispherical solar radiation received by a plane surface from a 180 ° field of view angle (solid solar radiation angle of 2 π... - Page 44 2014) Slope angle the angle from the sensor edge to the view limiting front aperture at the same side. (ref: IEA SHC #46 and EU FP7 MACC-II projects, published by Blanc et al. 2014) DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 44/47...
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Page 45: Appendix On Literature References
(GUM:1995), also published as JCGM 100:2008, published on internet, accessed 15-JAN-2014 4. JCGM (2008), JCGM 200:2008 International vocabulary of metrology — Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM), published on internet, accessed 15-JAN- 2014 DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 45/47... -
Page 46: Ec Declaration Of Conformity
Emission: EN 61326-1 (2006) Immunity: EN 61326-1 (2006) Emission: EN 61000-3-2 (2006) Emission: EN 61000-3-3 (1995) + A1 (2001) + A2 (2005) Report: 08C01340RPT01, 06 January 2009 Eric HOEKSEMA Director Delft January 15, 2014 DR01 DR02 DR03 manual v1609 46/47... - Page 47 © 2016, Hukseflux Thermal Sensors B.V. www.hukseflux.com Hukseflux Thermal Sensors B.V. reserves the right to change specifications without notice.
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