Page 1 Agilent Technologies. We have made no changes to this manual copy. The HP XXXX referred to in this document is now the Agilent XXXX. For example, model number HP8648A is now model number Agilent 8648A.
Page 2 Tempo aurora User Guide 423972 Issue 1a - 10/99...
Page 3 Copyright Notice The information contained in this document is the property of Trend Communications Ltd. and is supplied without liability for errors and omissions. No part of this document may be reproduced or used except as authorized by contract or other written permission from Trend Communications Ltd.
Page 4: Table Of Contents
aurora Tempo - User Guide Contents Tempo Introducing aurora ....... 1-2 Welcome !............1-2 Conventions ..............1-3 Tempo Your aurora ..........1-5 Care ................1-6 Safety ................1-6 Tempo A Look at aurora .......... 1-7 The Keypad ..............1-7 LED Indicators ............... 1-10 Communications Ports &...
Page 5 Contents Displaying Status Information ......3-10 Physical Status Information ..........3-11 System Status ............... 3-12 Frame Relay Status ............3-13 Exiting the Status Screens ..........3-14 Getting help ! ..........3-15 Physical Testing ........4-2 Understanding the Status Display ...... 4-2 Frame Relay ..............
Page 6 aurora Tempo - User Guide Frame Relay Testing ......5-2 Section 1 - Setting up the Link ......5-3 Setting the DLCI Address Length ......5-4 Setting the Interface type ........5-4 Choosing the Circuit Type ........5-5 PVC Configuration ..........5-5 Setting the LMI Protocol ..........
Page 7 Contents Section 2 - Displaying & Capturing Data ..5-28 Displaying Data as it is Captured ...... 5-28 Understanding the Traffic Display ........5-29 Capturing and Saving Data ......5-32 Capturing to the Serial Port ..........5-32 Expert Sending Data to aurora for Windows ......5-33 Saving to File ..............5-33 Starting &...
Page 8 aurora Tempo - User Guide CIR measurement ..........5-60 Available CIR test types ..........5-60 Performing a CIR test ............5-61 CIR test results .............. 5-61 Performing a Frame Load Test .... 5-63 Performing a Frame Receive Test ..5-71 Performing a Frame Loop Test ....
Page 9 Contents Selecting a Line Code ........ 6-6 Selecting the Line Build Out ......... 6-6 Including a CRC Value ......... 6-7 Selecting the Sealing Current ....... 6-7 Selecting Line Termination ......6-7 Selecting CAS (Channel Associated Signalling) ..6-8 Choosing a Timeslot ........
Page 10 aurora Tempo - User Guide Displaying Stored Files ........7-7 Displaying Several Stored Files ........7-8 Working with Stored Traffic Files ......7-8 Displaying Data in Full or Summary Decode Format ..7-8 Navigating through the Display ........7-9 Using File Markers ............7-9 Applying a Filter ............7-11 Printing a Stored File ........
Page 11: Introducing Aurora
Tempo Introducing aurora Tempo Introducing aurora Contents Welcome ! ..........1-2 Tempo Your aurora ........1-5 Tempo A look at aurora ....... 1-7 Issue 1a - 10/99...
Page 12: Welcome
aurora Tempo - User Guide Introducing aurora Tempo This chapter introduces you to the documentation provided with aurora and the conventions used throughout it. In Tempo addition, it introduces aurora ’s hardware, looking at each Tempo feature in turn. Welcome ! Welcome to the aurora User Guide.
Page 13: Conventions
Tempo Introducing aurora Appendix 1 - Technical Data lists technical and safety information. Appendix 2 - Call Clear Cause Codes lists the call clear cause codes and includes a brief description of each. Appendix 3 - Menutree. This contains diagrams to help you navigate through aurora Tempo ’s menu structure.
Page 14 aurora Tempo - User Guide Exit means ‘leave the current menu’. Use the LEFT arrow key to save and exit; use the ESC key to exit without saving. This symbol indicates a useful tip. Note This symbol is used to draw your attention to important notes.
Page 15: Your Aurora Tempo
Tempo Introducing aurora Note The text and illustrations in this guide describe a typical aurora . They may not match your specific configuration Tempo and may include features that you did not purchase. Tempo Your aurora aurora is a multifunctional, hand-held Tempo telecommunications tester.
Page 16: Care
aurora Tempo - User Guide Care aurora Tempo has been designed and constructed to withstand the rigors of a typical telecommunications working environment and provide you with years of reliable service. When using aurora be sure to avoid : Tempo •...
Page 17: A Look At Aurora Tempo
Tempo Introducing aurora Tempo A Look at aurora The following illustration shows the controls, interfaces and connectors of aurora Tempo The Keypad The following section describes each of aurora ’s keys in Tempo turn : Backlight Press this key to illuminate the LCD; press it again to switch the backlight off.
Page 18 aurora Tempo - User Guide Function Keys There are six of these keys, which activate particular functions relating to the currently active screen. Most functions can also be accessed from the menu system. Number Keys Use these keys to input data into aurora Tempo HOME...
Page 19 Tempo Introducing aurora + LEFT arrow key Usually moves the active window to the left. + UP arrow key Makes the active window occupy the whole of the screen. + DOWN arrow key Makes the active window occupy half the screen. Enter Press this key to choose a highlighted menu item or start an operation, as...
Page 20: Led Indicators
aurora Tempo - User Guide Status Use this key to display status information - refer to Displaying Status Information in Chapter 3 for further details. Configure Use this key to display the Configure Physical Interface window - this lets you change aurora ’s settings Tempo without having to search through the...
Page 21 Tempo Introducing aurora Battery / Charging LEDs Red (flashing) shows the battery is discharged and will soon be unable to power the unit. There are two thresholds : • Battery Low - the LOW LED flashes once per second. • Battery Very Low - the LOW LED flashes two or three times per second.
Page 22 aurora Tempo - User Guide BERT SYNC The BERT pattern synchronization status: Green: BERT running and synchronized. Off: Not synchronized, or BERT not running. LED functions Green indicates that aurora is transmitting Tempo data. Red shows that aurora is attempting to Tempo transmit data but is being prevented from doing so by a control line.
Page 23: Communications Ports & Connectors
Tempo Introducing aurora Communications Ports & Connectors aurora Tempo ’s communications ports and connectors are located on the top side of the unit. External Clock Input Serial Port External DC Input T1 Interface V/X Interface RJ48C External DC input Use this to input power from the supplied mains adapter/charger.
Page 24 aurora Tempo - User Guide Interface connectors & cables RJ48S Transmit/Receive RJ48S connector, used to connect aurora Tempo simulation and monitoring. Interface connectors & cables Transmit BNC 75Ω connector, used to connect aurora for simulation. Tempo Rx/MON Receive BNC 75Ω connector, used to connect aurora Tempo for simulation and...
Page 25 Tempo Introducing aurora Interface connectors & cables V/X Interface Use this to connect aurora at the V Tempo and X series interfaces. Also supplied are two types of V-series cables - an extension cable and various multi-adapter cables. Extension cable This long cable can be plugged into the back of aurora and the other...
Page 26 aurora Tempo - User Guide 1-16 423972...
Page 27: Power Sources
Power Sources Power Sources Contents Using AC Power ........2-2 Using Battery Power ......2-2 Issue 1a - 10/99...
Page 28: Using Ac Power
aurora Tempo - User Guide Power Sources This chapter describes how to operate aurora from AC Tempo power, rechargeable batteries or standard batteries. It also tells you how to recharge the battery pack and how to replace the batteries. Tempo Note about using aurora for the first time When you purchase a new aurora...
Page 29: Recharging The Battery Packs
Power Sources When the battery pack is within five minutes of becoming dead, the LOW LED on the keypad area of aurora Tempo flashes red. You must now either fit new standard batteries or charge the nickel-cadmium batteries. If the battery power falls to a level which is insufficient to power the tester reliably, the tester clears any active connections and automatically switches itself off.
Page 30: Replacing Battery Packs
aurora Tempo - User Guide • Continue to charge until the battery pack is fully charged - when fully charged the green CHARGE LED goes off. You can leave the charger connected once the battery is fully charged. However, avoid 'force charging' aurora by repeatedly removing and inserting the Tempo...
Page 31 Power Sources Removing the batteries Slide back the battery pack release buttons, flip open the covers and gently prise the batteries out of the unit. Caution Do not use any solvents, abrasives or detergents on the battery contacts - damage will be caused. Refitting standard cells Standard batteries are positioned in two groups of three down each side of aurora...
Page 32 aurora Tempo - User Guide • firmly secure the cover, ensuring the battery pack release buttons are firmly engaged. Warnings • Do Not Connect Two Rechargeable Batteries together • Do Not Short Circuit Battery Contacts. 423972...
Page 33: Getting Started
Getting Started Getting Started Contents Tempo Connecting aurora ......3-2 Switching Power on ....... 3-5 The Main Display & Menu ....... 3-6 About the Windows ....... 3-7 Displaying & Selecting Menu Options ..3-8 About Interfaces ........3-9 About Applications ....... 3-10 Simulation &...
Page 34 aurora Tempo - User Guide Getting Started The following chapter discusses the basics to help get you started using aurora Tempo Tempo Connecting aurora aurora ’s connector ports are located on the top side of Tempo the unit. These ports and their corresponding cables are described in Communications Ports &...
Page 35 Getting Started Tempo Connecting aurora within the Frame Relay Network Issue 1a - 10/99...
Page 36: Switching Power On
aurora Tempo - User Guide Switching Power On Press the POWER key to switch aurora on. When you Tempo switch power on, aurora carries out a comprehensive self- Tempo test of internal memory and I/O devices, displaying the results as they occur. The self-test normally completes satisfactorily and aurora displays the splash screen.
Page 37: About The Windows
Getting Started Main Menu Date & Time Main Display Function Key Display About the Windows aurora can display several windows (screens) Tempo simultaneously. Generally windows relating to Interface A are displayed on the left hand side of the screen and windows relating to Interface B are displayed on the right hand side.
Page 38: Displaying & Selecting Menu Options
aurora Tempo - User Guide Changing the active window • Press the MODE key to change the active window. aurora Tempo cycles to the next window associated with the application, activates it and surrounds it in a double box. Positioning windows on the screen aurora lets you alter the positioning of some windows Tempo...
Page 39: About Interfaces
Getting Started If a menu option has a series of dots (...) immediately to the right of it, further selections are available. Press the RIGHT arrow key to view these selections. If a menu box has up ( ) and down ( ) arrows displayed on the right hand side, you can scroll up and down through the menu options using the UP and DOWN arrow keys.
Page 40: Freeing An Interface
aurora Tempo - User Guide Freeing an Interface To free an interface for use by another application : • Choose Free Intf. from the Application Menu (this option is only available if the interface is currently assigned to an application). The interface immediately becomes available and may now be reassigned.
Page 41: Opening A Second Application
Getting Started Opening a Second Application You can run two applications at the same time - for example, you can run Frame Relay on Interface A and Physical Testing on Interface B. From within an application : • Press the SHIFT and MENU keys simultaneously - the Main Menu is displayed.
Page 42: Simulation & Monitor Modes
aurora Tempo - User Guide Simulation & Monitor Modes aurora provides two modes of operation : Tempo • Simulation - as the name suggests, this mode lets you emulate equipment on the line, for example DTE equipment and switches. In simulate mode one transmitter and one receiver on the interface are in use.
Page 43: Physical Status Information
Getting Started To display status information : • Press the STATUS key from within any window. The Physical Status window is displayed. You can now toggle between the different types of status windows using the function keys. If the status information spans more than one page, use the More function key to scroll through the pages.
Page 44: System Status
aurora Tempo - User Guide System Status To display system status information : • Press the function key labelled System Status. A window similar to the following is displayed : The display is explained in the following table : System Status Information Tempo Interfaces Fitted Displays the interfaces installed in...
Page 45: Frame Relay Status
Getting Started Frame Relay Status To display Frame Relay status information : • Press the function key labelled Frame Relay Status. A window similar to the following is displayed : Status Information SVC Status Information The following tables explain the display : Frame Relay Status Information LMI and PVC Status Information LMI Protocol...
Page 46: Exiting The Status Screens
aurora Tempo - User Guide If nothing is assigned to the interface Interface Not Assigned is displayed. Exiting the Status Screens To exit from the status display : • Press ESC to exit from the status windows and return to the previous display. 3-14 423972...
Page 47: Getting Help
Getting Started Getting help ! You can get on-screen help at any point in aurora Tempo pressing the SHIFT and HELP keys simultaneously. A window similar to the following is displayed : If the help text spans several windows, use the Next and Prev function keys to move through the windows.
Page 48 aurora Tempo - User Guide 3-16 423972...
Page 49: Physical Testing
Physical Testing Physical Testing Contents Understanding the Status Display .... 4-2 Performing a BER Test ......4-12 Saving & Downloading BER Test Results 4-19 Injecting Layer 1 Errors 4-23 Performing a Remote Loop Test 4-25 Performing a Line Rate Test 4-30 Applying a Local Loop ....
Page 50: Frame Relay
aurora Tempo - User Guide Physical Testing This chapter discusses how to use aurora to check the Tempo quality and integrity of physical lines. It describes how to check the status of the line, perform a BER test, check the line rate and set up local and remote loops.
Page 51 Physical Testing In Simulate mode, aurora Tempo shows a single set of receive statistics, labelled Rx. In Monitor mode there are two sets (one for each receive port), labelled Rx and Rx Mon. The screen indicates whether a loop has been applied to the line.
Page 52 aurora Tempo - User Guide The following table provides a key to the DDS display : Display Status Description Interface/Equipment is displayed, followed by the equipment Type /Speed CSU/DSU type: and the clock speed Alarm indicates that no signal is present on the line;...
Page 53 Physical Testing The following table provides a key to the E1 display : Display Status Description Interface/Framing is displayed, followed by an indication of the framing type: Basic Framed CRC4 Multiframed Alarm indicates that no signal is present on the line; (Loss of Signal) Clear indicates there is a signal present on...
Page 54 aurora Tempo - User Guide Display Status Description The Frame Alignment Signal currently being received. NFAS The Non Frame Alignment Signal currently being received. BPV Rate The bipolar violation error rate. BPV Secs The number of seconds in which one or more BPV errors have occurred.
Page 55 Physical Testing Multiframe containing 8 frames Sa7 History Sa5 and Sa6 History Display Status Description The Frame Alignment Signal currently being received. NFAS The Non Frame Alignment Signal currently being received. Sa5 and Sa6 History The last 4 state changes of the multiframe, with timestamps Sa7 History Timestamp when Sa7 was last pulsed to 0...
Page 56 aurora Tempo - User Guide The following table provides a key to the T1 display : 423972...
Page 57 Physical Testing Use the More Info option on the Physical status menu to toggle between the pages of status information. Issue 1a - 10/99...
Page 58: Printing Status Information
aurora Tempo - User Guide The following table provides a key to the V&X display : Printing Status Information To print all status information for an interface : • Connect an RS232 cable to aurora ’s serial port and Tempo connect the other end to a printer or PC.
Page 59: Resetting The Counters
Physical Testing Resetting the Counters aurora Tempo starts maintaining the counters as soon as the interface is assigned. To reset the statistical counters back to zero : • Press MENU to display the Physical status menu. • Choose the Reset Stats option. The counters are reset to zero.
Page 60: Performing A Ber Test
aurora Tempo - User Guide Performing a BER Test A Bit Error Rate (BER) Test is used to check the integrity and quality of the physical communications channel. It does this by generating a test pattern and sending it to the line. This pattern is looped back to aurora from the remote Tempo...
Page 61 Physical Testing • Choose the appropriate pattern. The following table describes the available patterns. Issue 1a - 10/99 4-13...
Page 62 aurora Tempo - User Guide Specifying the length of the test • Highlight Duration and press the RIGHT arrow key to display a sub-menu. • Enter the length of the test in seconds. Enter 0 to perform a continuous BER test. Press ENTER to save this value and exit the sub-menu.
Page 63: Starting & Stopping A Ber Test
Physical Testing Starting & Stopping a BER Test • Press F1 Start Test (or press MENU and select Start from the Bert Menu). The BER Test begins and the BERT Test window displays the results of the BER Test. • Press F1 Stop Test (or press MENU and select Stop from the Bert Menu).
Page 64 aurora Tempo - User Guide BERT Results Result Description BERT Pattern The BERT Pattern used for the test. Rx bit count This is the number of kilobits of data received while the BER Test is running and in pattern synchronization. Rx bit errors This is the number of bit errors received while the BER Test is running and in pattern synchronization.
Page 65: Resetting Ber Test Results
Physical Testing Resetting BER Test Results You can reset the counters to zero while a BER Test is running. • Press F6 Reset Results (or press MENU and select Reset Results). The counters are reset. Injecting Bit Errors aurora Tempo lets you inject bit errors into the line during a BER Test.
Page 66: Saving & Downloading Ber Test Results
aurora Tempo - User Guide Saving & Downloading BER Test Results In addition to displaying BER test results on-screen, aurora also lets you save them to file or send them to Tempo another device using the serial port. • Press the MENU key to display the Bert Menu and choose Logging Options.
Page 67 Physical Testing Use this window to input a file name of up to 8 characters in length. • Position the flashing cursor in the file name display area. Press F1 to move the cursor to the left; press F6 to move the cursor to the right. •...
Page 68: Downloading Results Via The Serial Port
aurora Tempo - User Guide Starting results capture • Choose Start Log to start capturing results to file. aurora saves these results in memory using the Tempo file name specified. Caution Do not power-off aurora while recording data or the Tempo file may be lost.
Page 69 Physical Testing Stopping the download • Choose Stop Log to stop downloading. The following example shows what is typically downloaded : BERT Pattern: 2^6 -1(63) Rx bits/10^3: 2799 Rx errs: Deg mins: Err secs: (14 %) Sev err secs: Unav secs: Av secs: BER: 5.3E-06...
Page 70: Injecting Layer 1 Errors
aurora Tempo - User Guide Injecting Layer 1 Errors To inject layer 1 errors into a transmitted data stream : • Press the function key labelled Error Injection (or press MENU and select Inject Single or Start Injection). The Line Error Inject sub-menu is displayed : •...
Page 71 Physical Testing Error Type Description Injects a bi-polar violation error. CRC (CRC framing only) Injects a cyclic redundancy error. Injects a Frame Alignment Signal error. Injects Alarm Indication Signal errors. Injects Remote Alarm Indication errors. • Highlight Line Error Rate and press ENTER to display a sub-menu of available error types.
Page 72: Performing A Remote Loop Test
aurora Tempo - User Guide Performing a Remote Loop Test To establish a remote loop aurora Tempo sends a message to the remote end of the network, telling it to loop back any data that is sent to it. The loop mechanism varies with interface that is being used. Loop codes are activated in different ways, depending on the framing type.
Page 73: Activating & Deactivating Remote Loops
Physical Testing Activating & Deactivating Remote Loops Activating a loop code To start transmitting loop codes to establish a loop at the receiving end : • Press F1 Send Loop Activation to display a sub-menu of loop codes. The loop codes displayed depend on the type of framing (ESF or SF).
Page 74 aurora Tempo - User Guide Activating a remote loop Notes You can only send a DSU loop code if the line speed is 56 kbps. You can only apply a CSU loop code if the sealing current was set to Normal when you assigned the interface. If you send a DSU loop code: •...
Page 75 Physical Testing The loop codes and their associated coding are shown in the following tables : Note Up indicates the loop activation code; Down indicates the loop deactivation code. Deactivating a loop To instruct the receiving end to clear down a particular type of loop : •...
Page 76: Verifying The Loop
aurora Tempo - User Guide Verifying the Loop You can set up aurora Tempo to automatically verify that a loop has been established. It does this by sending out and receiving back a BER Test pattern. To do this : •...
Page 77: Performing A Line Rate Test
Physical Testing Performing a Line Rate Test The Line Rate test determines the line clock rate of the communications channel. This is done by checking for the difference in Hz between the line clock rate and aurora ’s Tempo internal precision clock. You can set up a Line Rate Test from the Physical Status window.
Page 78: Applying A Local Loop
aurora Tempo - User Guide Indication This is the strength of the received signal. One of four ranges is displayed : +2 dB to -7.5 dB -7.5 dB to -15 dB -15 dB to -22.5 dB less than -22.5 dB Stopping the test •...
Page 79: Applying A Line Loop
Physical Testing Applying a Line Loop A line loop transmits back any data received including framing bits. Setting up a local loop • Press F1 Apply Line Loop (or press MENU and select Apply Line Loop from the menu). aurora Tempo establishes a loop and Local Loop Applied.
Page 80 aurora Tempo - User Guide 4-32 423972...
Page 81: Frame Relay Testing
Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Frame Relay Testing Contents Section 1 - Setting up the Link ...... 5-3 Section 2 - Displaying & Capturing Data ..5-28 Section 3 - Performing Tests ......5-56 Section 4 - Customizing Data Capture &...
Page 82 aurora Tempo - User Guide Frame Relay Testing This chapter discusses how to use aurora to test Frame Tempo Relay services. It describes how to configure a link, display and save traffic, manipulate PVCs and SVCs, view statistical information and perform tests. The chapter is divided into four logical sections to help you find information more easily.
Page 83: Section 1 - Setting Up The Link
Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Setting up the Link This section describes how to set up aurora for frame Tempo relay testing on the selected interface. It tells you how to set the DLCI address length, the interface and circuit types and how to configure SVCs and PVCs.
Page 84: Setting The Dlci Address Length
aurora Tempo - User Guide Setting the DLCI Address Length You can set up either a 2,3 or 4 byte header in the Frame Relay frame : • Choose DLCI Addr len in the Link Configuration menu to display a sub-menu of address lengths. •...
Page 85: Choosing The Circuit Type
Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Choosing the Circuit Type You can select from a list of circuit types. Your selection determines what options are available from the Link Configuration menu (for example, if you choose SVC, you cannot select any LMI options). •...
Page 86: Specifying A Dlci Range For Pvcs
aurora Tempo - User Guide Bidirectional Q.933 Annex A (ITU-T) BiAnnex A Bidirectional T1.617 (ANSI) BiAnnex D Bi Gang-of-4 Bidirectional, defined by the gang-0f-4 consortium Specifying a DLCI Range for PVCs You can define a range of DLCI values with upper and lower limits for PVCs.
Page 87 Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 The options are as follows : n391 (full status polling cycles) • Highlight n391 and press the RIGHT arrow key to display a sub-menu. Enter a number of events in the range 1 to 255 - if the value is outside this range *CHECK RANGE* is displayed.
Page 88: Svc Configuration
aurora Tempo - User Guide Use Delete Bit • Highlight Use delete Bit and press the RIGHT arrow key to toggle between a tick ( ) or a cross ( ). When a tick is displayed a delete bit is included to indicate that the PVC has been deleted.
Page 89: Setting Other Svc Parameters
Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Setting the maximum SVC DLCI You can set the maximum DLCI value for an SVC from the Link Configuration menu. • Choose SVC Upper dlci to display a sub-menu. • Enter a value in the given range - if the value is outside this range *CHECK RANGE* is displayed.
Page 90: Channel Identification
aurora Tempo - User Guide Channel Identification • Highlight Channel Identification and press the RIGHT arrow key to toggle between a tick ( ) or a cross ( ). When a tick is displayed a Channel Id. is included in the Call Setup message. DLCI Identifier •...
Page 91 Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 • To alter the current setting of Location highlight it and press the RIGHT arrow key to display a sub-menu. Choose from the following options : Coding Standards Location CCITT Prv net to Loc User CCITT coding standards Private network to local user Reserved...
Page 92: Network Facility
aurora Tempo - User Guide Network Facility Use this option to add a default network specific facility information element to the Call Setup message. • Highlight Network Facility in the SVC Configuration menu and press the RIGHT arrow key to toggle between a ( ) tick or a cross ( ).
Page 93: Packet Binary Parameters
Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Packet Binary Parameters Use this option to add packet layer binary parameters to the Call Setup message. • Highlight Packet Binary Params in the SVC Configuration menu and press the RIGHT arrow key to toggle between a tick ( ) and a cross ( ). When a tick is displayed the information element is added to the Call Setup message.
Page 94: Link Layer Protocol
aurora Tempo - User Guide Link Layer Protocol Use this option to add a link layer protocol parameters information element to the Call Setup message. • Choose Link Layer Protocol from the SVC Configuration menu to display a sub-menu of further options : •...
Page 95: Setting Up A Calling Party Number (Cpn)
Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Setting up a Calling Party Number (CPN) To define a Calling Party Number : • Highlight Calling Party Number on the SVC Configuration menu and press the RIGHT arrow key to toggle between a tick ( ) or a cross ( ). When a tick is selected the Calling Party Number menu is displayed.
Page 96 aurora Tempo - User Guide Use this option to determine the Number Type number type format you wish to use. Press the RIGHT arrow key to display a sub-menu and choose from the following formats: Use this option to determine the Presentation CPN presentation.
Page 97 Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Use this option to set the Screening screening options for incoming calls. Press the RIGHT arrow key to display a sub-menu and choose from the following options : Use this option to input the value Number Digits of the CPN.
Page 98: Setting Up A Calling Party Sub-Address
aurora Tempo - User Guide Inputting a CPN value • Position the flashing cursor in the CPN value display area. Press F1 to move the cursor to the left; press F6 to move the cursor to the right. • Use the UP, DOWN, LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys on the cursor pad to navigate through the character set.
Page 99 Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 The options are as follows : Use this option to determine the Number Plan numbering plan format you wish to use. Press the RIGHT arrow key to display a sub- menu and choose from the following options: This option is only available if Encoding...
Page 100: Setting Up A Called Party Number & Sub-Address
aurora Tempo - User Guide If you have chosen HEX encoding, if you have entered a number with an odd number of digits an extra 0 will be added to the end of the sub-address field of the SETUP message. Note You input a sub-address in exactly the same way as for Calling Party Number - please refer to Setting up a...
Page 101: Low Layer Compatibility
Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Low Layer Compatibility Use this option to add a low layer compatibility information element to the Call Setup message. Low layer compatibility enables you to: • Add layer 2, layer 3, or both layer 2 and layer 3 octets to the Low Layer Compatibility Information Element.
Page 102 aurora Tempo - User Guide Layer 2 or Layer 3 Protocol Use this option to choose the protocol used for layer 2 or layer 3. • Highlight L2 Protocol or L3 Protocol and press the RIGHT arrow key to display a sub-menu, then choose from the following options: Layer 2 Protocols Protocol...
Page 103 Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Layer 3 Protocols Protocol Description X.25 Packet layer Recommendation X.25 packet layer ISO 8208 ISO/IEC 8208 (X.25 packet level protocol for data terminal equipment) ISO 8878 Recommendation X.223 or ISO/IEC 8878 ISO 8473 OSI connectionless mode protocol T.70 Min.
Page 104: High Layer Compatibility
aurora Tempo - User Guide High Layer Compatibility Use this option to add a high layer compatibility information element to the Call Setup message. • Highlight High Layer Compatibility in the SVC Configuration menu and press the RIGHT arrow key to toggle between a tick ( ) or a cross ( ). When a tick is displayed a further sub-menu appears - the options are as follows : Use this option to determine the...
Page 105: User To User Information (Uui)
Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Extd High Layer Id Use this option to choose the type of extended service you wish to use. Press the RIGHT arrow key to display a sub-menu. The options are described in the High Layer Compatibility Options table above.
Page 106 aurora Tempo - User Guide Use this window to input or edit UUI of up to 130 characters in length. Inputting UUI • Position the flashing cursor in the UUI display area - press F1 to move the cursor to the left, press F6 to move the cursor to the right.
Page 107 Frame Relay Testing - Section 1 Exiting from the UUI window : • To exit and save your changes, press F2 Save & Exit. • To exit without making changes, press F3 Exit. Note If you do not enter any characters, a warning is displayed and the UUI is set to 12.
Page 108: Section 2 - Displaying & Capturing Data
aurora Tempo - User Guide Displaying & Capturing Data This section discusses the capture and display of data in real-time - in other words, as it occurs. It describes the Traffic window and tells you how to display statistics and how to manipulate DLCIs, PVCs and SVCs.
Page 109: Understanding The Traffic Display
Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Understanding the Traffic Display The display shows a partial decode of the Frame Relay traffic. The following table provides an explanation of the data displayed: Field Description <Time> The time (in HH:MM:SS:hundreds of e.g. 10:49:36:6240 microseconds) that the frame was sent or received.
Page 110 aurora Tempo - User Guide 5-30 423972...
Page 111 Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 The following diagram illustrates a typical example of summary decode output from the Keep Alive Polling routine. Issue 1a - 10/99 5-31...
Page 112: Capturing And Saving Data
aurora Tempo - User Guide Capturing and Saving Data In addition to displaying data on-screen, aurora also lets Tempo you capture Frame Relay traffic to aurora ’s memory, send Tempo it through the serial port to a PC running Expert for Windows or to another device.
Page 113: Sending Data To Aurora Expert For Windows
Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Expert Sending Data to aurora for Windows Notes Before you start to send data you must make sure that Remote Control is disabled on aurora Tempo You cannot send data to the serial port when you are controlling aurora with Remote Control.
Page 114 aurora Tempo - User Guide Entering a file name • Position the flashing cursor in the file name display area - press F1 to move the cursor to the left, press F6 to move the cursor to the right. • Use the UP, DOWN, LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys on the cursor pad to navigate through the character set.
Page 115: Starting & Stopping Data Capture
Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Exiting the file name window • To exit and save your changes, press F2 Save & Exit. If the file name already exists, the maximum number of files have been allocated, or insufficient file space remains, a warning box is displayed.
Page 116: Changing The Decode Mode
aurora Tempo - User Guide Pausing data capture • Press F2 Pause to pause the display of data to the screen or its capture to the serial port or file. The active screen freezes. This key has a toggle action and Resume is displayed.
Page 117: Viewing Dlci Management Information
Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Viewing DLCI Management Information You can display status and basic statistical information for each DLCI on the interface using the DLCI Management window. To do this : • Either press the F6 DLCI Management function key on the Traffic window or choose the Management option which appears on several of the menus.
Page 118: Displaying Detailed Statistics
aurora Tempo - User Guide The DLCI Management information is updated every second and is as follows: The interface the DLCI is on - either A or The DLCI value. DLCI The status of the DLCI e.g. Active or Status Connect.
Page 119: Resetting The Statistical Counters
Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Resetting the Statistical Counters • Press F3 Reset All Statistics to reset all the statistical counters back to zero. Accessing Test Mode • Press F5 Test to display the Test Results/Status menu for the highlighted DLCI. Please refer to Section 3 - Performing Tests for further information.
Page 120 aurora Tempo - User Guide The information displayed is described in the following table: 5-40 423972...
Page 121: Manipulating Pvcs & Svcs
Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Notes • Not Present is displayed where no information is available for a field. • For a list of cause codes, please refer to Appendix 2. Manipulating PVCs & SVCs You must allocate a DLCI to each PVC or SVC you want to use.
Page 122 aurora Tempo - User Guide The PVC DLCI sub-menu is displayed. Note • If the LMI is not active you cannot add or delete a PVC. If you choose the options Next DLCI and Enter DCLI. an error message is displayed. This sub-menu has the following options : Choose this option to add the next DLCI Next DLCI...
Page 123: Activating & Deactivating Pvcs
Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Deleting a PVC • Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to highlight the DLCI you wish to delete on the DLCI Management window. • Press the MENU key to display the DLCI Management menu.
Page 124: Connecting & Disconnecting Svcs
aurora Tempo - User Guide • Choose the Deactivate PVC option. The DLCI is deactivated and the status shows Inactive on the DLCI Management window. Connecting & Disconnecting SVCs The following menu options are only available if the Circuit Type is set to SVC or both - refer to Choosing the Circuit Type in Section 1 of this chapter for further information.
Page 125: Adding & Deleting Fixed Dlcis
Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Choose this option to display the SVC Config Configuration menu. This lets you setup parameters for SVCs - please refer to SVC Configuration in Section 1 for further details. Once you have selected the appropriate option, aurora Tempo sets up the SVC and the DLCI Management window displays statistical information about it.
Page 126: Purging Dlcis
aurora Tempo - User Guide Deleting a fixed DLCI • Highlight the fixed DLCI you wish to delete in the DLCI Management window. • Press the MENU key to display the DLCI Management menu. • Choose the Delete Fixed option. The fixed DLCI is deleted and the Status shows Fix Deleted.
Page 127 Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 To view detailed statistics: • Highlight the DLCI you want statistics on in the DLCI Management window and press F2 Statistics. Alternatively, choose the Statistics option which appears on several of the menus. Receive Transmit statistics statistics...
Page 128 aurora Tempo - User Guide This window displays the following information: Statistics Display Description Total Frames This is the total number of frames either transmitted or received for the chosen DLCI since the start or reset of statistics collection. Frame Rate This is the total number of frames either transmitted or received per second - in other words, the throughput of frames within one second.
Page 129: Resetting The Statistical Counters
Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Resetting the Statistical Counters You can reset the statistical counters back to zero. • Choose F2 Reset Statistics. The counters are reset to zero. Displaying Statistics for a Different DLCI The current interface and DLCI are displayed at the top of the screen.
Page 130: Returning To The Dlci Statistics Display
aurora Tempo - User Guide This is the percentage of the line’s capacity Line Util that is being used by the frames. Note The calculation of the interface statistic line utilization does not include the 2 byte FCS (Frame Check Sequence) attached to each HDLC frame or any flags that may be present between frames.
Page 131 Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Inputting a file name • Highlight Log to File and press ENTER or the RIGHT arrow key to toggle this option to display a tick ( ). When a tick is displayed aurora displays the Tempo following screen to let you input a file name : Use this window to input a file name of up to 8 characters in length.
Page 132 aurora Tempo - User Guide Exiting from the file name entry window : • To exit and save your changes, press F2 Save & Exit. If the file name already exists, the maximum number of files have been allocated, or insufficient file space remains, a warning box is displayed.
Page 133: Downloading Statistics Via The Serial Port
Frame Relay Testing - Section 2 Downloading Statistics via the Serial Port • Connect the supplied RS232 cable to aurora Tempo the other end should be connected to a PC. Downloading current statistics • Choose Log Serial immediate to download the currently displayed statistics via the serial port.
Page 134 aurora Tempo - User Guide The following example shows what is typically downloaded : ----------------------------------- Time: 09:24:29 DLCI Statistics: Int[A] Dlci:0 Total Frames 0000010 0000010 Frame Rate 0000000 0000000 Max Frm Size 0000004 0000004 Min Frm Size 0000003 0000003 Total Octets 0000038 0000038 Octet Rate...
Page 135: Section 3 - Performing Tests
Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 Performing Tests You can perform different tests on one or more DLCIs, such as transmitting and receiving frames, looping DLCI frames and testing CIR values. This section tells you how to select and perform the different tests and how to display and understand test results.
Page 136: Restarting & Stopping Tests
aurora Tempo - User Guide Restarting & Stopping Tests If a test has previously been configured for the selected DLCI, and the DLCI is not the Management Channel, you can restart the test. • Choose F1 Restart Test when the Test Results/ Status window is displayed.
Page 137 Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 When aurora is configured with: Tempo • one interface active • file logging active • frame size 64 bytes the typical performance achieved is 3000 frames per second received, and 3000 frames per second transmitted, at the same time.
Page 138: Setting Up A Test
aurora Tempo - User Guide Setting up a Test To set up a new test : • Press the F5 Setup Test function key from the Test Results/Status window. This function key is not available if a test is currently running or the DLCI is the Management Channel.
Page 139 Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 Selecting a test to run The Setup Test Config menu displays a list of tests which can be performed on a DLCI. The tests are as follows: Use this option to measure the CIR Test Committed Information Rate (CIR) Use this option to measure the...
Page 140: Cir Measurement
aurora Tempo - User Guide Tips When you are setting up a test and you are entering numbers, the F1 Delete and F2 Clear function keys are available. Press F1 Delete to delete the digit that is selected, or F2 Clear to set the field to zero. You can run more than one test at a time on different DLCIs.
Page 141: Performing A Cir Test
Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 Performing a CIR test • From the Setup Test Config menu, choose either CIR Test or Receive CIR Test. aurora displays a setup window for the test. Tempo • Highlight Tc and press ENTER to set the Time Constant period for the test.
Page 142 aurora Tempo - User Guide Note When the CIR reading is flashing, as it is in the example screen above, it means that the actual available CIR has not yet been reached. The maximum measured CIR, in bits per second. In Simulate mode aurora Tempo shows one CIR measurement (Rx).
Page 143: Performing A Frame Load Test
Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 When the CIR reading is flashing it means that no DE ‘set’ frames have been received, so the actual CIR has not yet been reached. Once aurora begins receiving DE ‘set’ Tempo frames, the value displayed is the actual CIR of the DLCI. Performing a Frame Load Test This test lets you transmit frames across the network for a particular DLCI.
Page 144 aurora Tempo - User Guide Setting the Frame Length To specify the length of the transmitted frames: • Highlight Length in the Frame Load Test Config menu and press the RIGHT arrow key to display the Length sub-menu. • Enter the frame length. This value must be within the given range or *CHECK RANGE* is displayed.
Page 145 Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 • Press either ENTER or the RIGHT arrow key to toggle between a tick ( and a cross ( ). When a tick is selected, the transit delay is displayed in the test results and the Setup Test Config window shows Yes in the Timestamp field.
Page 146 aurora Tempo - User Guide The settings of the previous test run on this DLCI are displayed or, if you have not performed a test on this DLCI, the values are set to default values. • To set the user-defined header to be the same as the default setting, press F1 Preset User Header from the User Defined Header window.
Page 147 Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 • Use the RIGHT and LEFT arrow keys to move between the other fields. • Use the 0 and 1 keys or the UP and DOWN arrow keys to switch the bits on or off. •...
Page 148 aurora Tempo - User Guide sends the frames with user-defined headers Burst in a block at the beginning of the time period (Tc) sends the frames with user-defined headers Spread evenly spread through the frame load The illustration below shows spread and burst distribution. Example - 20 frames per second, 20% user-defined headers ( ) SPREAD N=frames with default headers...
Page 149 Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 To set the time constant (Tc): • Highlight Tc [sec] and press the RIGHT arrow key to display the Tc [sec] sub-menu. • Enter the time constant (Tc). This must be between 1 and 10. •...
Page 150 aurora Tempo - User Guide This is the length of time taken for the Transit Delay frame to traverse the network. Average, maximum and minimum values are displayed, expressed in milliseconds. Press the 5 key to view or disable the transit delay display. Note that this calculation can only be performed when the remote end is looped back, such that test packets...
Page 151: Performing A Frame Receive Test
Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 Performing a Frame Receive Test This test lets you analyze frames received over the link to ensure they are being delivered correctly. • Highlight Frame Receive Test in the Setup Test Config menu and press ENTER or the RIGHT arrow key to display the Frame Receive Test Config menu.
Page 152 aurora Tempo - User Guide • Press the RIGHT arrow key to display the Frame Count sub-menu. • Use the number keys to input the frame count. This value must be within the given range or *CHECK RANGE* is displayed. The default frame count is 0. •...
Page 153: Performing A Frame Loop Test
Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 This is the number of frames received during the test which contain one or more bits in error. This is the length of time taken for the Transit Delay frame to traverse the network. Average, maximum and minimum values are displayed, expressed in milliseconds.
Page 154: Performing A Ping Test
aurora Tempo - User Guide Starting the test • Choose Start Test from the Frame Loop Test Config menu. The test begins and the test results are displayed in the Test Results/Status window. This display is as follows : This is the number of frames Frames Looped looped during the test.
Page 155 Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 Specifying the Frame Count To specify the number of frames generated during the test: • Highlight Frame count and press the RIGHT arrow key to display the Frame count sub-menu. • Enter the frame count. This must be in the given range or *CHECK RANGE* is displayed.
Page 156 aurora Tempo - User Guide Specifying the Source IP Address To specify the IP address of the source in dotted decimal format you input each individual part of the decimal. The following diagram shows how each part of this value is made up : Tempo’...
Page 157 Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 Specifying the destination IP address The destination address should be that of an active piece of equipment on a valid DLCI. To specify the IP address of the destination in dotted decimal format you input each individual part of the decimal.
Page 158 aurora Tempo - User Guide This is the number of IP frames Rx Ping received during the test containing the Ping command, and the type of ping frame. This is the number of non-ping Unknown Frms frames received. If the frame load, as set by the frame rate (the frame length is fixed), exceeds maximum line rate of the interface you are testing, a warning is displayed.
Page 159: Performing A Ping Receive Test
Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 Performing a Ping Receive Test This test lets you configure aurora to respond to an IP Tempo Ping command from another device. • Choose PING Receive Test in the Setup Test Config menu to display the PING Receive Test Config menu. Specifying the Tempo’...
Page 160: Performing A Variable Load Test
aurora Tempo - User Guide Starting the test • Choose Start Test from the PING Receive Test Config menu. The test begins and the test results are displayed in the Test Results/Status window. This display is as follows : This is the number of IP frames Rx Ping received during the test containing the Ping command, and...
Page 161 Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 To set up the Variable Load test: • Choose Variable Load Test from the Setup Test Config menu. The Variable Load Test Config menu is displayed. Specifying the Transmit CIR To specify the value of the transmit Committed Information Rate (CIR) : •...
Page 162 aurora Tempo - User Guide Specifying the Transmit Be To specify the value of the transmit Excess Burst Size (Be): • Highlight Tx Be in the Variable Load Test Config menu and press the RIGHT arrow key to display the Tx Be sub-menu. •...
Page 163 Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 Specifying the Receive Bc To specify the value of the receive Committed Burst Size (Bc): • Highlight Rx Bc in the Variable Load Test Config menu and press the RIGHT arrow key to display the Rx Bc sub-menu.
Page 164 aurora Tempo - User Guide Specifying the Transmit Start Rate aurora Tempo lets you test the boundaries above and below your agreed CIR using the following options. Specify the rate at which to start testing - this is expressed as a bits per time interval (b/tc) and can be equal to or below your CIR.
Page 165 Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 • Enter the transmit interval - this value must be within the given range or *CHECK RANGE* is displayed. • Press ENTER to save and exit the sub-menu. Specifying the Transmit Interval Time Use this option to specify the length of time you want to test for at each interval between the start and end transmit rates.
Page 166 aurora Tempo - User Guide The total number of bits Bits transmitted. This is the number of bits Bc Bits transmitted within the Committed Burst Size. This is the number of bits Be Bits transmitted above the Committed Burst Size and below the Excess Burst Size.
Page 167: Performing A Receive Throughput Test
Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 Performing a Receive Throughput Test This lets you test the CIR values at the receive side of the interface. Note In order for aurora Tempo to carry out this test, you have to know the Time Interval, the Committed Burst Size, the Excess Burst Size and the Committed Information Rate.
Page 168 aurora Tempo - User Guide The test begins and the test results are displayed in the Test Results/Status window. This display is as follows : This is the total number of bits Bits transmitted. This is the number of bits Bc Bits transmitted above the Committed Burst Size.
Page 169: Stopping A Test
Frame Relay Testing - Section 3 This is the total number of bits Bits received. This is the number of bits received Bc Bits above the Committed Burst Size. This is the number of bits received Be Bits above the Excess Burst Size. When the number of frames being Discard transmitted or received is higher...
Page 170: Saving & Downloading Test Results
aurora Tempo - User Guide Saving & Downloading Test Results aurora lets you save test results to file or send them to Tempo another device using the serial port. • Press the MENU key when the Test Results/Status window is active to display the Log Test Results menu.
Page 171: Section 4 - Customizing Data Capture & Display
Frame Relay Testing - Section 4 Customizing Data Capture & Display This section discusses how to customize the display and capture of Frame Relay data. It describes how to display data in either summary or full decode format and also how to apply a data filter.
Page 172: Using A Filter
aurora Tempo - User Guide Changing the decode format • Choose Decode Mode from the Decode Options menu to display a sub-menu of decode types. • Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to highlight the desired decode type and press ENTER to save and exit the sub-menu.
Page 173: Decode Filters
Frame Relay Testing - Section 4 Decode Filters • Choose Decode Filter from the Decode Options menu to display the Filter operation menu: Logger and decode filters are applied, created and edited in the same way: Applying an Existing Filter •...
Page 174: Creating A New Filter
aurora Tempo - User Guide Creating a New Filter • Choose Create New from the Filter operation menu to display a window which lets you enter a filter name of up to 8 characters in length. This window is described below : Entering a filter name •...
Page 175 Frame Relay Testing - Section 4 Exiting from the filter name window • To exit and save your changes, press F2 Save & Exit. The Filter Config menu is displayed. If the file name already exists, the maximum number of files have been allocated, or insufficient file space remains, a warning box is displayed.
Page 176 aurora Tempo - User Guide Filter on a specific range of DLCI values. DLCI When this option is crossed ( ) all DLCIs active are included; when this option is ticked , the DLCI Range menu appears which lets you specify up to 10 ranges of DLCI values : •...
Page 177: Editing A Filter
Frame Relay Testing - Section 4 Include or exclude Q922 frames - in Q922 other words, messages relevant to frame Frames relay. Include or exclude SVC traffic. SVC Frames Include or exclude LMI traffic. LMI Frames DATA Frames Include or exclude data frames. DATA Length Choose this option to truncate data to a specified length (for example, if you set this option to 20, only 20 bytes of a 4096 byte...
Page 178 aurora Tempo - User Guide 5-98 423972...
Page 179: Configuring Aurora
Tempo Configuring aurora Tempo Configuring aurora Contents Accessing Configuration ......6-2 Configuring an Interface ......6-3 Displaying System Parameters ....6-11 Changing the System Setup ....6-11 Displaying Frame Relay Settings ... 6-15 Saving a Configuration File ....6-16 Applying a Configuration File ....6-17 Applying Configuration Defaults ...
Page 180: Accessing Configuration
aurora Tempo - User Guide Configuring aurora Tempo This chapter discusses how to access the Configuration function to display and change aurora ’s interface and Tempo system settings. It also tells you how to set up and save your own user defined configuration files and then how to apply these at a later stage.
Page 181: Configuring An Interface
Tempo Configuring aurora Configuring an Interface • Press the Config Physical function key. Note If both interfaces are already assigned Config not possible. Interfaces already assigned is displayed. Press F1 or F6 to close the warning box. • Choose the interface you wish to configure - either Interface A or Interface B.
Page 182: Choosing The Clock Source
aurora Tempo - User Guide Office Channel Unit Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit CSU/DSU • Highlight an emulation type and press ENTER to save your selection and exit the sub-menu. Choosing the Clock Source You can choose aurora ’s clock source. Tempo Note The clock source options available depend on whether...
Page 183: Specifying The Speed
Tempo Configuring aurora Specifying the Speed You can specify the bit rate to use for these interfaces. For V&X you can select from 56 to 2048 kilobits per second, and for DDS you can select from 56 or 64 kilobits per second.
Page 184: Selecting A Line Code
aurora Tempo - User Guide G704 basic E1 framing Basic G704 CRC4 multiframing. CRC4 The line is unframed. Unframed • Highlight a framing type and press ENTER to save your selection and exit the sub-menu. Selecting a Line Code aurora supports a number of line code types - to select Tempo one of these :...
Page 185: Including A Crc Value
Tempo Configuring aurora Including a CRC Value You can switch the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) line encoding on or off on the line - to do this : • Highlight CRC and press ENTER or the RIGHT arrow key to toggle between a tick ( ) and a cross ( ). When a tick is displayed a CRC is included in the frame.
Page 186: Selecting Cas (Channel Associated Signalling)
aurora Tempo - User Guide Selecting CAS (Channel Associated Signalling) When you are using the E1 interface you can choose to use CAS (G.704). When you switch on CAS it uses timeslot 16, and CAS is displayed in timeslot 16 on the slot map. This means that you cannot assign timeslot 16.
Page 187 Tempo Configuring aurora Each timeslot is represented by a box. The following symbols are used within these boxes to indicate the status of each of the timeslots : The timeslot is not assigned to the interface. The timeslot is assigned to the interface. •...
Page 188: Choosing The Number Of Bits
aurora Tempo - User Guide Choosing the Number of Bits Choose Bits to display a sub-menu which lets you select from 7 bits or 8 bits. Note If you select 7 bits, aurora uses 56 kbits/sec Tempo timeslots, and if you choose 8 bits, aurora uses Tempo 64 kbits/sec timeslots.
Page 189: Changing The System Setup
Tempo Configuring aurora Changing the System Setup • Press the Config System function key to change the system settings for aurora . The following menu Tempo is displayed : Setting up the Serial Port To configure the serial port : •...
Page 190 aurora Tempo - User Guide Including a parity bit You can add a parity bit to the transmitted data to suit the device you are connected to. • Choose Parity to display a sub-menu of parity bit options. • Highlight the appropriate option and press ENTER to save your selection and exit the sub-menu.
Page 191: Powering Off Automatically
Tempo Configuring aurora Powering off Automatically You can set aurora Tempo to automatically power-off when running on battery power if no keys have been pressed for a pre-set time. • Choose Power-save from the System Config menu to display a sub-menu. •...
Page 192: Setting The Display Language
aurora Tempo - User Guide Applying your changes • Choose Set Date/Time (or press the LEFT arrow key from the Date/Time sub-menu) to apply the new date and time settings. Setting the Display Language At present only English is available. Switching Audio Warnings On and Off You can switch the audio warnings produced by aurora Tempo...
Page 193: Displaying Frame Relay Settings
Tempo Configuring aurora Displaying Frame Relay Settings You can view the Frame Relay parameters from the Configure Physical Interface window. • Press the View Frame Relay function key. A Configuration window is displayed : In addition to displaying the interface type, this window also shows the current DLCI address length, circuit type, SVC and PVC settings.
Page 194: Applying A Configuration File
aurora Tempo - User Guide Entering a configuration file name • Position the flashing cursor in the configuration file name display area - press F1 to move the cursor to the left, press F6 to move the cursor to the right. •...
Page 195: Applying Configuration Defaults
Tempo Configuring aurora Applying Configuration Defaults You can apply aurora ’s default settings without deleting Tempo any files from aurora ’s memory : Tempo • Choose the Load Config function key. • Choose Defaults. The following tables show the default settings which are applied to aurora Tempo DDS Interface Defaults...
Page 196 aurora Tempo - User Guide V&X Interface Defaults Emulation Clock Source Line Speed 64kbs Handshake 6-18 423972...
Page 197 Tempo Configuring aurora Issue 1a - 10/99 6-19...
Page 198 aurora Tempo - User Guide 6-20 423972...
Page 199 Tempo Configuring aurora Variable Load/ Receive Throughput Test Defaults Transmit CIR 9600 bps Transmit Bc 19200 b/tc Transmit Be 38400 b/tc Transmit Tc 2 seconds Receive CIR 9600 bps Receive Bc 19200 b/tc Receive Be 38400 b/tc Receive Tc 2 seconds Transmit Start Rate 9600 b/tc Transmit End Rate...
Page 200: Downloading New Software
aurora Tempo - User Guide Downloading New Software New software releases are provided on floppy disk or via the Internet. The file provided is a self-extracting, compressed file. Connecting aurora Tempo to the PC First you must connect your aurora to the PC you are Tempo going to download the software from.
Page 201 Tempo Configuring aurora Switching on aurora Tempo • On the aurora press the POWER key, and the Tempo HELP/STATUS key at the same time. When the DRAM tests have started, release the keys. The Manual Diagnostic Mode menu is displayed. Starting to download the software •...
Page 202 aurora Tempo - User Guide 6-24 423972...
Page 203: Working With The File Manager
Working with the File Manager Working with the File Manager Contents Accessing the File Manager ....7-2 Displaying File Statistics ......7-3 Managing Stored Files ......7-4 Displaying Stored Files ......7-7 Working with Stored Traffic Files .... 7-8 Printing a Stored File ......7-11 Printing a Window .......
Page 204: Accessing The File Manager
aurora Tempo - User Guide Working with the File Manager This chapter describes how to use the File Manager. This is the facility aurora provides to display and work with Tempo stored files held in memory. You can work with the following types of file using the File Manager : •...
Page 205: Displaying File Statistics
Working with the File Manager Displaying File Statistics When you display the File Manager window aurora Tempo displays statistics on all the currently stored files. The following table describes the statistics : To display statistics on a particular file stored in aurora ’s Tempo memory :...
Page 206: Managing Stored Files
aurora Tempo - User Guide Managing Stored Files In addition to displaying stored files you can also rename and delete them. Renaming Files • Highlight the file you wish to rename in the File List menu. • Press the F3 Rename function key to display a file name entry window : 423972...
Page 207: Deleting Files
Working with the File Manager Inputting a file name Use this window to input a file name of up to 8 characters in length. • Position the flashing cursor in the file name display area. Press F1 to move the cursor to the left; press F6 to move the cursor to the right.
Page 208: Expert For Windows
aurora Tempo - User Guide Tips • To delete all files stored in aurora press the F1 Tempo Delete All function key in the File Manager window. Note that this option is not available if a file is currently open for viewing or is being logged Note The delete function keys are not available if a file is currently open for viewing or is being logged to.
Page 209: Optimizing Storage
Working with the File Manager Optimizing Storage You can tidy up and defragment storage : • Press the F2 Disk optimize function key. The statistics are updated to reflect the optimization. Note that this option is not available if a file is currently open for viewing or is being logged to.
Page 210: Displaying Several Stored Files
aurora Tempo - User Guide Displaying Several Stored Files You can display up to six stored files at a time. To display another stored file : • Press the SHIFT and FILE keys simultaneously to display the File Type menu. •...
Page 211: Navigating Through The Display
Working with the File Manager Navigating through the Display • To move up and down through the data display use the UP and DOWN arrow keys. You can also scroll through the data using the following keys : Using File Markers aurora lets you apply markers to frames so that you can Tempo...
Page 212 aurora Tempo - User Guide This window displays markers 0 to 9. If a marker is unused not set is displayed next to it, otherwise a frame number is displayed. • Key in the number of the marker you wish to use. For example, to mark frame number 4 using marker number 1 to store it, key in 1.
Page 213: Applying A Filter
Working with the File Manager Exiting the File Markers window You can exit from the File Markers window at any point by pressing the F5 Return to View function key. Applying a Filter You can apply filters to a stored file. To do this : •...
Page 214 aurora Tempo - User Guide 7-12 423972...
Page 215: Introduction To Frame Relay
Introduction to Frame Relay Introduction to Frame Relay Contents What is Frame Relay ? ......8-2 Frame Relay Standards ......8-4 A Typical Frame Relay Network ....8-7 Frames ........... 8-8 Virtual Circuits........8-11 Frame Relay Protocol ......8-15 Congestion Control ......8-16 Committed Information Rate Rate &...
Page 216: What Is Frame Relay
aurora Tempo - User Guide Introduction to Frame Relay This chapter provides an overview of Frame Relay and explains the standards and terminology associated with What is Frame Relay? Frame Relay is a data communications technology which provides efficient, fast packet transmission for wide-area networking over modern digital access lines.
Page 217 Introduction to Frame Relay With X.25, as information moves across each point in the network it is checked for errors. Any errors which occur are corrected by means of retransmitting the data. Error detection and correction of this type virtually guarantees the transmission of a ‘clean’...
Page 218: Frame Relay Standards
aurora Tempo - User Guide With Frame Relay, data within the network is statistically multiplexed, so any unused bandwidth may be allocated on an ‘as-needed’ basis. This ability to accommodate sudden traffic bursts by utilizing available bandwidth makes Frame Relay more flexible and cost-effective than TDM solutions.
Page 219 Introduction to Frame Relay However, in order to narrow the standards and prevent any scope for incompatible equipment, the Frame Relay Forum published its own ‘implementation agreement’ e.g. FRF.1. It is this, rather than the international standards, that has been the main design document for many manufacturers of Frame Relay equipment.
Page 220 aurora Tempo - User Guide Frame Relay Forum Implementation Agreements FRF .1.1 User-to-Network Implementation Agreement FRF .2.1 Network-to-Network Implementation Agreement FRF .3.1 Multiprotocol Encapsulation Implementation Agreement FRF .4 Switched Virtual Circuit Implementation Agreement FRF .5 Frame Relay/ATM Network Internetworking Implementation Agreement FRF .6 Frame Relay Customer Network Management Implementation Agreement...
Page 221: A Typical Frame Relay Network
Introduction to Frame Relay • Control Protocol: The Frame Relay protocol is a relatively straightforward protocol with very few rules and procedures. The basic idea is fairly simple - if a valid frame is received it should be forwarded to its destination and, if congestion occurs, network nodes can discard frames in order to alleviate the problem.
Page 222: Equipment Interface Reference Points
aurora Tempo - User Guide Frame Relay Network: This is the medium through which data traverses the network. It typically consists of Frame Relay switches. Equipment Interface Reference Points Equipment in the Frame Relay network has its own interface classifications which are as follows: User to Network Interface (UNI): Specifies the connection between user DTE and a network.
Page 223 Introduction to Frame Relay LAPD was originally developed to convey signalling information between the elements of an ISDN network. Signalling, however, does not use all the available bandwidth thus freeing up the remainder for the transmission of user data. Frame Relay uses the capabilities of the LAPD protocol for the transmission of all the data.
Page 224 aurora Tempo - User Guide 3 Byte Header 4 Byte Header DLCI Data Link Control Identifier. This is the ‘address’ field which allows the network to route the frame to the appropriate destination. The DLCI is a 10 bit number; its position is split within the header. These 10 bits permit over a thousand virtual circuit addresses, over every interface.
Page 225: Virtual Circuits
Introduction to Frame Relay FECN Forward Explicit Congestion Notification. This is used for congestion indication - please refer to Congestion Control later in this Chapter for further information. BECN Backward Explicit Congestion Notification. This is used for congestion indication - please refer to Congestion Control for further information.
Page 226: Pvc
aurora Tempo - User Guide A Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC), as the name suggests, is a fixed circuit in which the routes between two end points are defined during network setup. Most Frame Relay implementations use PVCs which are usually full duplex i.e. they support the same traffic rates in both directions.
Page 227 Introduction to Frame Relay The format of the Call Reference field is as follows : Establishing an SVC The flow of messages necessary to set up a Frame Relay SVC is termed Call Establishment. Three types of messages are used in Call Establishment - CALL PROCEEDING, CONNECT and SETUP.
Page 228 aurora Tempo - User Guide Disconnecting an SVC The procedure to disconnect an established Frame Relay SVC is termed Call Clearing. This process may be initiated by either party, regardless of who originated the call. Three types of messages are used in Call Clearing- DISCONNECT, RELEASE and RELEASE COMPLETE.
Page 229: Frame Relay Protocol
Introduction to Frame Relay Frame Relay Protocol The philosophy behind the Frame Relay protocol is fairly simple - if a valid frame is received the network attempts to forward it to its destination. If an invalid frame is received, nodes on the network discard the frame without notifying the end user.
Page 230: Congestion Control
aurora Tempo - User Guide Congestion Control Congestion occurs when multiple users contend for the same physical resources, at the same time. Minimizing congestion is a key factor in maintaining a high quality service because, when congestion occurs, the network begins to discard frames, resulting in the end user devices having to retransmit.
Page 231: Committed Information Rate & Burst Size
Introduction to Frame Relay There is also a mechanism in Frame Relay for an end user device to prioritize its frames. It does this by setting the DE (Discard Eligibility) bit in the frame header. The DE bit tells the network to ‘discard these frames first’. By marking some traffic as DE, Frame Relay users can prioritize their non-DE traffic.
Page 232 aurora Tempo - User Guide These service parameters provide a flexible method of congestion control, allowing for bursty traffic, while ensuring that large amounts of data cannot be released into the network over a short period of time. Note For SVCs, these parameters are negotiated at the time of Call Establishment.
Page 233: Lmi (Local Management Interface)
Introduction to Frame Relay LMI (Local Management Interface) The LMI was conceived by the standards bodies as an optional enhancement to the basic Frame Relay protocol. The LMI uses special management frames to monitor the status of the link and provide information on the PVCs and the Frame Relay interface.
Page 234 aurora Tempo - User Guide • Header: This is the same as the standard header but contains a DLCI of zero to signify its an LMI frame. • Unnumbered frame indicator: This indicates that the frame does not contain a sequence number.
Page 235 Introduction to Frame Relay Every few seconds a STATUS ENQUIRY message is sent by the user to the network. The network responds with a STATUS message which gives the user information about the integrity of the link. After a defined number of STATUS ENQUIRY messages, a full status response is requested by the user.
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Page 237 Appendix 1 - Technical Data Appendix 1 - Technical Data Contents Tempo aurora Specifications ..... A1-2 Interface Specifications ....... A1-4 Cable Pinouts ........A1-5 Approvals ......... A1-14 Calibration ........A1-14 Safety ..........A1-15 Issue 1a - 10/99 A1 - 1...
Page 238 aurora Tempo - User Guide Appendix 1 - Technical Data This chapter provides technical and safety information about your aurora Tempo and its various interfaces. Tempo aurora Specifications Protocols Frame Relay to LMI consortium, ITU-T Annex A, ANSI Annex D, FRF4, ITU-T Q.933 SVC, RFC1490 Multiprotocol Interconnect over Frame Relay (IP, ICMP, SNAP, Ethertype IPX).
Page 239: Appendix 1 - Technical Data
Appendix 1 - Technical Data Environmental 280mm x 245mm x 78mm Dimensions (11.01” x 9.67” x 3.07”) No interfaces - 2.5kg (including Weight batteries). With 2 interfaces - 2.7kg (including batteries). -5°C to 50°C (operating) Temperature Range -25°C to 60°C (storage) Conforms to Durability IEC 68-2-27/29/31/32 &...
Page 240: Interface Specifications
aurora Tempo - User Guide Interface Specifications T1 Interface module Conforms to ANSI T1.403 and has a bit rate of 1.544 Mbits/s For Bantam connectors, it may be necessary to change connectors when changing between simulate (DTE or DCE) and Monitor modes (DTE or DCE). Connectors •...
Page 241: Cable Pinouts
Appendix 1 - Technical Data Note Throughout this appendix we use the term RJ48C connector, these connectors are equivalent to RJ45 connectors. Cable Pinouts The following pages contain information on the pinouts for the cable connectors for each interface and the serial port. V.35 Interface 25 Way D Type Connector (Male) Part number ~ 423356...
Page 242 aurora Tempo - User Guide 34 Way MRAC/Winchester Connector (Male) Part number ~ 423355 A1 - 6 423972...
Page 243 Appendix 1 - Technical Data RS449 Interface 37 Way D Type Connector (Male) Part number ~ 423354 Issue 1a - 10/99 A1 - 7...
Page 244 aurora Tempo - User Guide X21 Interface 15 Way D Type Connector (Male) Part number ~ 423353 A1 - 8 423972...
Page 245 Appendix 1 - Technical Data V24/RS232 Interface 25 Way D Type Connector (Male) Part number ~ 423352 Issue 1a - 10/99 A1 - 9...
Page 246 aurora Tempo - User Guide EIA530 Interface 25 Way D Type Connector (Male) Part number ~ 423360 A1 - 10 423972...
Page 247 Appendix 1 - Technical Data T1 Interface RJ48C (Female) T1 RJ48C Function Transmit Data (+) Transmit Data (-) Receive Data (+) Receive Data (-) Part number ~ 423358 T1Interface Bantam Part number ~ 2 off 423350 Issue 1a - 10/99 A1 - 11...
Page 248 aurora Tempo - User Guide E1 Interface RJ48C (Female) E1 RJ48C Function Transmit Data (+) Transmit Data (-) Receive Data (+) Receive Data (-) Part number ~ 423358 Part number ~ 423361 A1 - 12 423972...
Page 249 Appendix 1 - Technical Data DDS Interface RJ48S (Female) DDS RJ48S Contact Direction Ring Customer to Network Customer to Network Tip 1 Network to Customer Ring 1 Network to Customer Part number ~ 423358 Serial port 9 Way D Type Connector (Male) Serial Port - 9 Way D Type Description Not Connected...
Page 250: Approvals
aurora Tempo - User Guide Approvals aurora is complies with safety standards: Tempo • EN 60950:1992/A4:1997 IEC 950:1991/A4:1996 TS001:1996 AS/NZS 3260:1993/A4:1997 CSA C22.2 No.950 UL1950 aurora Tempo complies with environmental standards: • ETS 300 019-2-1 ETS 300 019-2-2 ETS 300 019-2-7 aurora complies with communications standards: Tempo...
Page 251: Safety
Appendix 1 - Technical Data Safety When using your aurora , basic safety precautions should Tempo always be followed to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock and injury to persons, including the following: • Do not open the back of the unit while it is powered- •...
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Page 253 Appendix 2 - Call Clear Cause Codes Appendix 2 - Call Clear Cause Codes Contents Call Clear Cause Codes ......A2-2 Issue 1a - 10/99 A2 - 1...
Page 254 aurora Tempo - User Guide Appendix 2 - Call Clear Cause Codes Call Clear Cause Codes Cause Number Cause Unallocated (unassigned) number This indicates that the requested destination, although valid, cannot be reached. No route to specified transit network Sending equipment (sending the cause) is requested to route the call through an unrecognized transit network.
Page 255 Appendix 2 - Call Clear Cause Codes User busy The called user is busy and therefore cannot accept another call. This cause code may be generated by either the called user or the network. No user responding Indicates that the called user has not responded to call establishment messages within the allowed time.
Page 256 aurora Tempo - User Guide Network out of order The network is not functioning. Immediate redial is unlikely to be successful. Permanent frame mode connection out of service A permanently established frame mode connection is out of service due to equipment. Permanent frame mode connection operational A permanently established frame mode connection is operational and capable of carrying user information.
Page 257 Appendix 2 - Call Clear Cause Codes Requested facility not subscribed This indicates that the requested supplementary service could not be provided by the network because, although available, the user is not authorized to use it. Bearer capability not authorized This indicates that the user has requested a bearer capability which, although implemented, he/she is not authorized to use.
Page 258 aurora Tempo - User Guide Service or option not implemented, unspecified This reports the service (or option) not implemented event only when no other cause in the service (or option) not implemented class applies. Invalid call reference value Equipment sending this cause has received a message with a call reference which is not currently in use on the User-Network Interface (UNI).
Page 259 Appendix 2 - Call Clear Cause Codes Mandatory information element is missing The equipment sending this cause has received a message which is missing a mandatory information element. Message type nonexistent or not implemented The equipment sending this cause has received a message type it does not recognize;...
Page 260 aurora Tempo - User Guide 101 Message not compatible with call state This indicates that a received message is incompatible with the call state. 102 Recovery on timer expiry This indicates that a timer has expired and that an associated error handling procedure has been initiated.
Page 261: Appendix 3 - Menutrees
Appendix 3 - Menutrees Appendix 3 - Menutrees Contents Main Menu Menutree ......A3-2 Frame Relay Menutree ......A3-3 Physical Testing Menutree ....A3-4 Setup Config Menutree ....... A3-5 Issue 1a - 10/99 A3 - 1...
Page 262: Main Menu Menutree
aurora Tempo - User Guide Appendix 3 - Menutrees Main Menu Menutree A3 - 2 423972...
Page 263: Frame Relay Menutree
Appendix 3 - Menutrees Frame Relay Menutree From the Main Menu Menutree Filter Operation Interface A/B Interface A/B Decode Options Simulate MENU Decode Options Decode Mode Apply Monitor MENU Logging Options Decode Filter Create New Link Config Pause Edit Halt Screen Delete Logging Options DLCI Management...
Page 264: Physical Testing Menutree
aurora Tempo - User Guide Physical Testing Menutree From the Main Menu Menutree Physical Status Log BERT Results Interface A/B BERT Menu Physical MENU BERT MENU Start/Stop Log To File Line Rate Inject Single BERT Log To File Interval Local Loop MENU Start BERT Inject Log To Serial...
Page 265: Setup Config Menutree
Appendix 3 - Menutrees Setup Config Menutree Issue 1a - 10/99 A3 - 5...
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Page 267 Appendix 4 - Glossary Appendix 4 Contents Glossary ..........A4-2 Issue 1a - 10/99 A4 - 1...
Page 268 aurora Tempo - User Guide Appendix 4 - Glossary Companding technique used in Europe. A-law Alternate Mark Inversion - this is a line code type. American National Standards Institute. This is the national ANSI standards making body in the US. American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
Page 269 Appendix 4 - Glossary Bit Error Rate Test. A BER Test tests the integrity and quality BER Test of the physical communications channel. It does this by generating a test pattern which it then receives. The received pattern is then compared with the transmitted pattern and an error count is given.
Page 270 aurora Tempo - User Guide Cyclic Redundancy Check. This is used to ensure the integrity of frames transmitted across the network. This is a mathematical operation based on the Frame Check Sequence (FCS). Channel Service Unit. This is switching equipment which connects the Data Service Unit to the Frame relay Network.
Page 271 Appendix 4 - Glossary An exchange that switches digital signals by means of Digital digital switching. Exchange Data Link Connection Identifier. This is the number of the DLCI virtual circuit, contained in the Frame Relay Header. This field can be extended using the EA (Extended Address). Data Service Unit.
Page 272 aurora Tempo - User Guide A WAN technology, based on transmitting data and voice Fast Packet information in packets. Switching Frame Check Sequence. The standard 16-bit cyclic redundancy check used for Frame Relay frames. The FCS detects bit errors occurring in the frame between the opening flag and the FCS.
Page 273 Appendix 4 - Glossary The control information added to the beginning of a Header transmitted message. The header usually contains address and routing information. This is a measure of frequency. 1 Hertz = 1 cycle per second. Hertz ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol. Internet Protocol.
Page 274 aurora Tempo - User Guide Light Emitting Diode. Local Management Interface. The LMI was conceived by the standards bodies as an optional enhancement to the basic Frame Relay protocol. The LMI uses special management frames to monitor the status of the link and provide information on the PVCs and the Frame Relay interface.
Page 275 Appendix 4 - Glossary or where transmission channels are connected. Node is often used instead of workstation. NSAP Network Service Access Point. A digital unit of information comprising eight binary digits Octet (bits). Office Channel Unit. This is switching equipment which connects the line from customer premises to the Frame Relay network.
Page 276 aurora Tempo - User Guide Personal Computer Memory Card International Association - PCMCIA an organization which develops standards for expansion cards. The IP Ping procedure. This lets you test for the presence of Ping a remote device on a network. The physical access point into and out of an electrical Port equipment or network.
Page 277 Appendix 4 - Glossary Alarm which indicates loss of framing synchronization. RLOS A device for connecting two or more LANS. Router The function which ensures that the correct path through a Routing network is selected. A standard type of serial connector. RS232 Real Time Clock.
Page 278 aurora Tempo - User Guide equipment and relay it, over the network, to switches at the other side. Transmission rate of 1.544 Mbps on T1 communications lines. A T1 facility carries a 1.544 Mbps signal. A digital transmission service with a rate of approximately 45 Mbps.
Page 279 Appendix 4 - Glossary A device with input/output capability e.g. a PC, node or Workstation terminal A standard X-series connector, specified by ISO 4903, which X.21 can be used with aurora . The connector is also known as Tempo a D15. Interface for the transmission of packets over public data X.25 networks.
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Page 281 Appendix 5 - RFC 1490 Decode Appendix Appendix 5 Contents RFC 1490 Decode A5-2 ............Issue 1a - 10/99 A5 - 1...
Page 282 aurora Tempo - User Guide Appendix 5 - RFC 1490 Decode RFC1490 - Multiprotocol interconnect over Frame Relay describes an encapsulation method for carrying network interconnect traffic over Frame Relay. aurora decodes IP Internet (0xCC) and IEEE SNAP Tempo (0x80) messages encoded using RFC1490 in detail. IP Internet (NLPID 0xCC) IP messages are identified by the NLPID 0xCC.
Page 283 Appendix 5 - RFC 1490 Decode OUI - 802.1 The following PIDs are decoded: 802.1 Decode Media 0x00-01 802.3 (with preserved FCS) 0x00-02 802.4 (with preserved FCS) 0x00-03 802.5 (with preserved FCS) 0x00-04 FDDI (with preserved FCS) 0x00-07 802.3 (without preserved FCS) 0x00-08 802.4 (without preserved FCS) 0x00-09...
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Page 285 Index Issue 1a - 10/99 Index-1...
Page 286 aurora Tempo - User Guide Index AC power 2-2 Adapter/charger 2-2 AMI. See Line code Applications 3-8–3-9 exiting 3-9 opening a second application 3-9 selecting 3-8 switching between 3-9–3-15 Approvals A1-14 Asynchronous PVC enabling 5-7 Audio warnings switching on and off 6-14 aurora Expert for Windows...
Page 287 Index setting up the test 4-12–4-14 starting & stopping the test 4-15 BERT. See BER testing Bits number of bits (interface configuration) 6-10 using Delete bits (PVC configuration) 5-8 Burst size committed (Bc) 8-17 excess (Be) 8-17 Cable pinouts A1-5–A1-13 Calibration A1-14–A1-15 Call clear cause codes A2-2–A2-8 Called Party Number...
Page 288 aurora Tempo - User Guide CIR (Committed Information Rate) CIR tests 5-60–5-63 explanation 8-17–8-18 Circuits, virtual explanation 8-11–8-15 PVC configuration 5-5–5-8 selecting the circuit type 5-5 SVC configuration 5-8–5-27 Clock choosing the clock source 6-4 external clock input connector 1-13 Line Rate test 4-29–4-30 resetting the system clock 6-13 Coding standards 5-24...
Page 289 Index DDS interface specification A1-4 DE (Discard Eligibility Indicator) explanation 8-11 simulating congestion in Frame Load test 5-65 Decode data choosing full or summary format 5-36, 5-91–5-92 customizing the capture/display 5-91–5-97 displaying stored files in full/summary format 7-8 filtering the data 5-92–5-97 summary decode output examples 5-29 Default settings 6-14–6-22 applying 6-17–6-21...
Page 290 aurora Tempo - User Guide transmission rate for Frame Load test 5-63 viewing detailed call information 5-39–5-41 viewing detailed statistics 5-46–5-49 viewing DLCI management information 5-37–5-39 Downloading information BER test results 4-20–4-24 downloading new software 6-22 downloading/saving statistics 5-50 Dropped frames because of exceeded performance limit 5-56–5-57 DTE.
Page 291 Index renaming 7-4–7-7 sending to aurora Expert for Windows 7-6 using file markers 7-9–7-11 Filtering data applying filters to stored files 7-11 captured data 5-36–5-37 decode data 5-92–5-97 Flow control 6-12 Forward Explicit Congestion Notification. See FECN FRAD (Frame Relay Access Device) explanation 8-7 Frame check sequence.
Page 292 aurora Tempo - User Guide Frame Relay status 3-13–3-14 Frames dropped frames when performance limit exceeded 5-56–5-57 header structure 8-9–8-11 introduction to 8-8–8-11 LMI frame, illustration 8-19 marking in stored files 7-9–7-11 Framing type selection 6-5–6-6 FRF. See Frame Relay Forum Function keys 1-8 Glossary A4-2–A4-13 Hardware handshake, using 6-5...
Page 293 Index Interfaces 3-7–3-8 classifications (UNI, NNI) 8-8–8-11 configuration 6-3–6-10 connectors & cables 1-14–1-15 freeing an interface 3-8 interface type for Frame Relay testing 5-4 selecting 3-7, 5-58 specifications A1-4–A1-5 supported by aurora Tempo A1-2 viewing detailed statistics 5-49–5-50 IP Internet messages decoding A5-2 IP Ping tests 5-74, 5-79–5-80 Keep Alive Polling routine...
Page 294 aurora Tempo - User Guide LMI (Local Management Interface) explanation 8-19–8-21 LMI protocol 5-5 Local Management Interface. See LMI Loops activating/deactivating remote loops 4-25–4-27 line loop, applying 4-31 local loop, applying 4-30–4-31 payload loop, applying 4-31 remote loop test 4-24–4-28 Low Layer Compatibility 5-21–5-23 Markers applying in stored files 7-9–7-11...
Page 295 Index Performance limits exceeding 5-56–5-57 Physical status 3-11–3-14 at a glance 4-11–4-12 printing the status information 4-10 resetting the counters 4-11 Physical testing BER testing 4-12–4-17, 4-18–4-31 Line Rate test 4-29–4-30 local loop 4-30–4-31 starting 4-2 status display 4-2–4-17 Ping Receive test 5-79–5-80 results 5-80–5-81 specifying the source IP address 5-79 starting the test 5-80–5-81...
Page 296 aurora Tempo - User Guide PVC configuration delete bits 5-8 DLCI range 5-6 enabling asynchronous PVC STATUS request 5-7 LMI protocol 5-5–5-6 n391 (full status polling cycles) 5-7 n392 (error threshold) 5-7 n393 (monitored events count) 5-7 t391 (link integrity timer) 5-7 t392 (polling timer value) 5-7 PVCs activating/deactivating 5-43–5-44...
Page 297 Index Serial port configuration 6-11–6-12 connector 1-13 specification A1-13–A1-15 SF/D4. See Framing type Simulate mode selecting 3-10–3-11 SLC96. See Framing type SNAP decoding IEEE SNAP messages A5-2–A5-3 Software display of version number 3-4 downloading new software 6-22–6-23 Specification of aurora Tempo A1-2–A1-3 Speed (bit rate) setting for an interface 6-5...
Page 298 aurora Tempo - User Guide Transit Network selection 5-20 user to user information 5-25–5-27 X.213 priority 5-14 SVCs configuration 5-8–5-27 connecting/disconnecting 5-44–5-45 explanation 8-12–8-21 managing/manipulating 5-41–5-46 Switches, Frame Relay explanation 8-7–8-21 System settings audio warnings 6-14 automatic power-off 6-13 date & time 6-13–6-14 defaults 6-14–6-22 displaying 6-10 language 6-14...
Page 299 Index Time, changing 6-13–6-14 Timeslots assigning to an interface 6-9 selecting 6-8–6-9 Traffic display 5-29–5-32 Transit network information element adding to Call Setup message 5-20 UNI. See User to Network Interface User Guide conventions 1-3–1-5 structure 1-2 User to Network Interface (UNI) 5-4 illustration 8-8–8-11 User to user information 5-25–5-27 UUI.
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This manual is also suitable for:

N1735a

HP auroraTempo User Manual

Table of Contents

Introducing Aurora

Power Sources

Getting Started

Frame Relay Testing

Section 1 - Setting up the Link

Section 2 - Displaying & Capturing Data

Section 3 - Performing Tests

Section 4 - Customizing Data Capture & Display

Tempo Configuring Aurora

Working with the File Manager

Introduction to Frame Relay

Appendix 1 - Technical Data

Appendix 1 - Technical Data

Aurora Specifications

Appendix 3 - Menutrees

Quick Links

Chapters

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Summary of Contents for HP auroraTempo