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Garmin GPS 12XL Owner's Manual & Reference

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Summary of Contents for Garmin GPS 12XL

  • Page 1 12XL Personal Navigator O w n e r ’ s M a n u a l & R e f e r e n c e ®...
  • Page 2 GARMIN, Personal Navigator, AutoLocate, TracBack, and PhaseTrac12 are all trademarks of GARMIN Corporation and may not be used without the expressed per- mission of GARMIN. June 1997 - Part Number 190-00134-00 Rev. C - Printed in Taiwan...
  • Page 3 See your GARMIN dealer for accessories including our PC kit, swivel mounts, external antennas, and power/data cables. We at GARMIN hope the GPS 12XL will help you meet all of your navigation needs and know it will become a valuable piece of your outdoor gear.
  • Page 4 AID (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe. Use the GPS 12XL at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe oper- ation, carefully review and understand all aspects of this Operator’ s Manual and thoroughly practice operation using the simulator mode prior to actual use.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    INTRODUCTION Table of Contents SECTION ONE Introduction Glossary ..........2-3 SECTION TWO Getting Started Battery &...

  • Page 6: Glossary

    INTRODUCTION Glossary The GPS 12XL is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in the world. To better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be helpful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained below. Other navigation and GPS definitions used in the manual are defined in the appropriate reference sections of the manual.
  • Page 7 Grid Coordinate system that projects the earth on a flat surface, using square zones for position measurements. UTM/UPS and Maidenhead formats are grid systems. Ground Speed The velocity you are traveling relative to a ground position. Latitude The north/south measurement of position perpendicular to the earth’ s polar axis.

  • Page 8: Section Two Getting Started Battery & Remote Antenna Installation

    Contact your GARMIN dealer for remote antennas and accessories. The GPS 12XL operates on 4 AA batteries (includ- To install the batteries: 1. Remove the battery cover by turning the thumb loop at the bottom of the unit 1/4 turn counter- clockwise.

  • Page 9: Keypad Usage & Data Entry

    Turns the unit on and off and activates screen backlighting. Scrolls through the main data pages in sequence and returns display from a submenu page to a primary page. Captures a position and dis- plays the mark position page. Displays GOTO page with the waypoint highlighted for GOTO operation.

  • Page 10: Primary Pages

    Position Page Primary Pages Before we start the tour, let’ s briefly look at the five primary information pages used for the GPS 12XL. Switch between pages by pressing either the J keys. Position Satellite Page The Satellite Page shows satellite positions and signal strength.

  • Page 11: Navigation Page

    Navigation Page A navigation page gives you steering guidance when going to a waypoint. The GPS 12XL has two nav- igation page choices: the Compass Page and the Highway Page. The Compass Page is the default and will be briefly explained here. The Highway Page is covered on pages 35 and 38.

  • Page 12: Power On & Marking A Position

    Marking a Position GPS is really about marking and going to places called waypoints. Before we can use our GPS 12XL to guide us somewhere, we have to mark a position as a waypoint. (Your GPS 12XL can hold up to 500 way- points.)

  • Page 13: Position Page, Map Basics, & Going To A Waypoint

    “breadcrumb” display of your track right on the screen. The GOTO waypoint page allows you to select a destination from a list of all available way- points in the GPS 12XL’s memory. GETTING STARTED Position/Map Pages & Going To a Waypoint...

  • Page 14: Compass Page & Cancelling A Goto

    (see page 36). As you get close to ‘HOME’, you’ll be alerted to press PAGE. The GPS 12XL will give you the message “Approaching HOME”. Once you’ve arrived, you’ll notice the distance field will read 0.00.

  • Page 15: Clearing The Map Display, Screen Contrast, & Power Off

    Clearing a Cluttered Map Display After you’ve used the GPS 12XL for a few trips, you may find that your map display has become a bit messy from keeping track of your every move. For practice, let’ s clean up the screen by clearing the track log (the plot points left on the Map Page) we’ve just created...

  • Page 16: Satellite Page

    Field Battery Indicator The GPS 12XL’ s Satellite Page displays the status of various receiver functions. The status information will help you understand what the GPS 12XL is doing at any given time, and will tell you whether or not the receiver has calculated a position fix.

  • Page 17: Receiver Status

    The status will be shown as one of the following conditions: Searching— the GPS 12XL is looking for any available satellites in view. AutoLocate— the GPS 12XL is initializing and collecting new almanac data.

  • Page 18: Battery Level Indicator, Backlighting, And Emergency Erase

    Note: A bulb icon will appear on the Satellite Page when backlighting is turned on. Emergency Erase Function You may erase the GPS 12XL’ s memory in four quick steps. This will cause all stored data to be deleted, including: routes, waypoints, and the track log.

  • Page 19: Position Page & User Selectable Fields

    Position Page The second page in the GPS 12XL’ s primary page sequence is the Position Page. This page shows you where you are, what direction you’re heading, and how fast you’re going, and it’ s most useful when you are traveling without an active destination waypoint.

  • Page 20: Maximum Speed

    To obtain the most accurate reading of average speed, keep in mind that due to the sensitivity of the GPS 12XL’ s antenna, your maximum speed value may include the effects of rapid movement, such as swinging your arm while holding the unit.

  • Page 21: Marking A Position & Position Averaging Function

    Marking a Position The GPS 12XL allows you to mark and store up to 500 position as waypoints. A waypoint can be entered by taking an instant electronic fix, by manually enter- ing coordinates (pg. 20), or by using the bearing and distance to a known position (pg.

  • Page 22: Waypoint Pages & Managing Waypoints

    (DST) to the nine nearest waypoints are updated continuously. Waypoint Pages The GPS 12XL has three waypoint pages that let you quickly manage up to 500 waypoints. These pages—nearest waypoints, waypoint list, and waypoint definition—can be accessed through the Menu Page.

  • Page 23: Proximity Waypoints

    Note: This feature is handy for deleting temporary waypoints created by the TracBack function. Proximity Waypoints The GPS 12XL’ s proximity waypoint function warns you when you are getting too close to hazardous way- points. This function allows you to create up to nine proximity waypoints and designate an alarm circle for each waypoint.

  • Page 24: Waypoint Definition Page

    REFERENCE Waypoint Definition & Reference Waypoints The GPS 12XL’s advanced waypoint planning fea- tures allow you to create new waypoints and prac- tice navigation without ever setting foot outside. If you create a new way- point by entering coordi- nates from a map, you may want to re-mark the waypoint’s exact position...

  • Page 25: Waypoint Symbols

    6. Press to confirm the ‘DONE?’ prompt. Waypoint Symbols The GPS 12XL allows you to select one of 16 sym- bols for each waypoint for easy recognition on the map display. From the symbol page, you may also select how the waypoint appears on the map.

  • Page 26: Scanning Waypoints

    2. Press the left side of the keypad to clear the name field. 3. Scroll through the waypoints. Note: The GPS 12XL’ s waypoint scanning feature will offer the first waypoint that matches the character or characters you have entered up to that point. If you...

  • Page 27: Selecting A Goto Destination

    Selecting a GOTO Destination The GPS 12XL provides four ways to navigate to a destination: GOTO, MOB, TracBack, and route naviga- tion. The most basic method of selecting a destination is the GOTO function, which lets you choose any stored waypoint as the destination and quickly sets a direct course from your present position.

  • Page 28: Tracback Navigation

    , highlight ‘TRACBACK?’, and press Once the TracBack function has been activated, the GPS 12XL will take the track log currently stored in memory and divide it into segments called legs. Up to 30 temporary waypoints will be created to mark the most significant features of the track log in order to duplicate your exact path as closely as possible.
  • Page 29 Tips On the TracBack Feature • Always clear your track log at the exact point that you want to go back to (trail head, truck, etc.). • The ‘RECORD’ option on the track log setup page can be set to either the ‘WRAP’ or ‘FILL’ positions. •...

  • Page 30: Creating And Using Routes

    Route Navigation The last form of navigating to a destination with the GPS 12XL is by creating a user-defined route. The route navigation feature lets you plan and navigate a course from one place to another using a set of pre-defined waypoints.

  • Page 31: Route Definition

    The last form of navigating to a destination with the GPS 12XL is by creating a user-defined route. The GPS 12XL lets you create and store up to 20 routes of 30 waypoints each. The route navigation feature lets you plan and navi- gate a course from one place to another using a set of pre-defined waypoints.

  • Page 32: Creating And Navigating Routes

    REFERENCE Using Routes You may use up to 16 characters to custom name a route. The default name will be the first and last waypoint in the route. To activate a route, high- light the ‘ACT?’ prompt and press ENTER. Creating and Navigating Routes To create a route from the route definition page: 1.

  • Page 33: Active Route

    Active Route Page Once a route has been activated, the active route page will display the waypoint sequence of your route with the estimated time enroute (ETE) at your present speed and the distance to each waypoint. As long as you are navigating an active route, the active route page will become part of the main page sequence of the unit.

  • Page 34: Editing Routes

    On-Route GOTOs At the beginning of this section, we mentioned that the GPS 12XL will automatically select the route leg closest to your position as the active leg. This will give you steering guidance to the desired track of the active leg.

  • Page 35: Using The Compass & Highway

    Selecting a User-Defined Navigation Page Once you’ve selected a GOTO destination or acti- vated a TracBack, MOB, or route, the GPS 12XL will provide graphic steering guidance to the destination with one of two navigation pages: Compass Page Compass Page (default) provides a direc- •The...
  • Page 36 REFERENCE Navigation Pages Use the user selectable field to customize the nav- igation pages. The turn option will show you the number of degrees you need to turn to head directly to your destina- tion. Selecting a User-Defined Navigation Page (cont.) Graphic Compass Track Over...

  • Page 37: Compass Page

    (SPD), and a user-selectable field for ETE, ETA, CTS, XTK, VMG, or TRN. When you are one minute away from your destina- tion (based on your current speed and track over ground), the GPS 12XL will alert you with a flashing on-screen message box. REFERENCE Destination...
  • Page 38 Destination Waypoint Graphic Highway The GPS 12XL’ s Highway Page provides graphic steering guidance to a destination waypoint, with a greater emphasis on the straight-line desired course and the distance and direction you are off course. The bear- ing and distance to a waypoint - along with your cur- rent track and speed - are displayed at the top of the screen.

  • Page 39: Map Page, Zooming, & Panning

    Map Page Zoom Scale Bearing to Waypoint Track Over Ground The Map Page shows your position and surround- ings, and provides you with a target cursor that lets you pan ahead to nearby waypoints, determine the dis- tance and bearing to a map position, and mark new waypoints while you navigate.
  • Page 40 REFERENCE Zooming, Panning, & Configuring A crosshair will appear when you activate the pan function. The distance and direction of the crosshair from your current position will be shown in the upper corners of the Map Page. On-Screen Pointing The crosshair will “snap” to displayed waypoints, which allows you to quick- ly review or go to the...
  • Page 41 From the waypoint definition page, you can also define how each individual waypoint is displayed on the map. The GPS 12XL displays waypoints as a name with a corresponding symbol (e.g., “nearest fuel” and a gas pump symbol), a symbol only (e.g., a fish symbol), or a 16-character comment and corresponding symbol (e.g., “great view”...

  • Page 42: Map Page & Track Log Setup

    REFERENCE Using Cursor & Map Setup The ‘CFG’ field gives access to the map setup and track setup pages, right from the Map Page. The Map Page’s default screen orientation is track up. “Track Up” means that your current direction of travel is always up (or towards the top of) the screen.

  • Page 43: Track Method

    Map Setup Page and Orientation (cont.) • ’Nearest’— shows the nine nearest waypoints to your position (black diamond) on the map. • ’Names’— displays the waypoint name for the nine nearest waypoints. • ’Track Log’— displays and plots track points on the map.

  • Page 44: Menu Page & Distance/Sun Calculation

    TracBack feature. Menu Page The GPS 12XL’ s Menu Page provides access to addi- tional pages (submenus) that are used to select and cus- tomize operation and navigation setup. These eight pages are divided into categories by function.

  • Page 45: System Setup

    1. Highlight the ‘HOURS’ field, and press 2. Select 12- or 24-hour display, and press REFERENCE Date & Time Setup The GPS 12XL’s two oper- ating modes are accessed through the system setup submenu. To display the correct local time, you must enter...

  • Page 46: Screen Contrast

    2. Select the desired setting, and press 3. To turn lighting on and off, press the Tone Setting The GPS 12XL allows you to choose a tone for mes- sages only, messages and keystrokes, or no tone setting at all.

  • Page 47: Navigation Setup

    CDI scale, units, and heading information. Position Formats The default position format for the GPS 12XL is lat- itude and longitude in degrees and minutes (hdddºmm.mmm’). You may also select degrees, min- utes and seconds (hdddºmm’...

  • Page 48: Units Of Measure

    1. Highlight the ‘CDI SCALE’ field, and press 2. Select the desired setting, and press Units of Measure The GPS 12XL lets you select statute (default), nau- tical, or metric units of measure for all “speed” and “dis- tance” fields.

  • Page 49: Interface Setup & Dgps Interface

    Interface Setup The GPS 12XL’ s interface page lets you specify the formats for connecting external devices. There are six options: GRMN/GRMN, None/None, RTCM/None, RTCM/NMEA, NMEA/NMEA, and None/NMEA. Each option lists the input format first, followed by the out- put format.

  • Page 50: Dgps Interface

    DGPS operation. You may also monitor the DGPS status from the status field on the interface page. The GPS 12XL will display one of three alert messages concerning DGPS operation: No DGPS Position— there is not enough data available to compute a DGPS position.

  • Page 51: Navigation Simulator

    Navigation Simulator The GPS 12XL’ s simulator mode lets you practice all aspects of its operation without active satellite acquisi- tion. You can plan and practice trips, enter new way- points and routes, and save them for use during nor- mal operation.

  • Page 52: Appendix A--Initialization

    •Select Country––allows you to initialize the receiver by selecting your present position from a list of countries in the GPS 12XL’ s internal data- base. This usually provides a position fix in a few minutes. •Autolocate ––allows the GPS 12XL to initialize...

  • Page 53: Initialization Troubleshooting

    500 miles of your present position. 5. Press to finish. The GPS 12XL will now begin searching for the appropriate satellites for your location and should acquire a position within 3-5 minutes. You can verify that you have acquired a position by watching the Satellite Page transition to the Position Page (provided you haven’t pressed any other buttons) or by looking...

  • Page 54: Appendix B-Specifications & Wiring

    Internal Backup: NOTE: Alkaline batteries lose a significant amount of their capacity as temperature decreas- es. If you’re using the GPS 12XL in below freezing temperatures, use lithium batter- ies for longer battery life. Extensive use of screen backlighting will significantly reduce battery life.
  • Page 55 However, waypoint symbols are only transferrable from or to units that support waypoint symbols such as the GPS II plus, GPS 12, and GPS 12XL software version 3.01 or later. Part No. 010-10142-00.

  • Page 56: Appendix C-Messages And Time Offsets

    Try another location with a clearer view of the sky. Power Down and Re-init—The GPS 12XL is not able to calculate a position due to abnormal satellite conditions. Turn the unit off and verify the last position shown by other means. Try the unit again later, possibly in a different location.

  • Page 57: Time Offsets

    RTCM Input has Failed—DGPS data being received has been lost. You are no longer receiv- ing the beacon signal. Searching the Sky—The GPS 12XL is in searching the sky for almanac data or the unit is in AutoLocate mode. Stored Data was Lost—All waypoints, routes, time and almanac data has been lost due to battery failure or clearing the receiver’...

  • Page 58: Appendix D-Map Datums

    APPENDIX D Map Datums the GPS 12XL. Menu abbreviations are listed first, fol- lowed by the corresponding map datum name and area. The default map datum for the GPS 12XL is WGS 84. Adindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan Afgooye Afgooye- Somalia AIN EL ABD ‘70...
  • Page 59 Mahe 1971 Mahe 1971- Mahe Island Marco Astro Marco Astro- Salvage Island Massawa Massawa- Eritrea (Ethiopia) Merchich Merchich- Morocco Midway Ast ‘61 Midway Astro ‘61- Midway Minna Minna- Nigeria NAD27 Alaska North American 1927- Alaska NAD27 Bahamas North American 1927- Bahamas (excluding San Salvador Island) NAD27 Canada...

  • Page 60: Appendix E--Index

    APPENDIX E Index Acquisition Time ..50 Activating a Route ..28 Active Route Page ..29 Acquiring a position ..48 Alkaline batteries ..50 Altitude (ALT) .
  • Page 61 Mag. Heading Reference . .44 Man Overboard Function .23 Map Cursor ...37 Map Datums ..43, 54 Map Orientation ..38 Map Page .

  • Page 62: Pre-Defined Waypoints

    APPENDIX E Index Time Format ..41 Time Offset ...53 TracBack Navigation ..24 TracBack Tips ..25 Track Log Display .

  • Page 63: Limited Warranty

    GARMIN Corporation warrants this product to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of purchase. GARMIN will at its sole option, repair or replace any com- ponents which fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor.
  • Page 64 ® © 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS USA 66062 GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. - Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey, Hampshire, SO51 9AQ, UK Part Number 190-00134-00 Rev. C Printed in Taiwan...

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