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Furuno 851 MARK-2 Operator's Manual

Furuno marine radar operator's manual model 851 mark-2
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MARINE RADAR
MODEL 851 MARK-2

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Summary of Contents for Furuno 851 MARK-2

  • Page 1 MARINE RADAR MODEL 851 MARK-2...
  • Page 2 9 - 5 2 , A s h i h a r a - c h o , N i s h i n o m i y a , J a p a n T e l e p h o n e : 0 7 9 8 - 6 5 - 2 1 1 1 T e l e f a x : 0 7 9 8 - 6 5 - 4 2 0 0...
  • Page 3 A warning label is attatched to the display unit. Do not remove the label. If the label is missing or damaged, contact a FURUNO agent or dealer. WARNING To avoid electrical shock, do not remove cover. No user-serviceable parts inside.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD... iv SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ... v 1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 1.1 What is Radar?... 1-1 1.2 How Ships Determined Position Before Radar... 1-1 1.3 How Radar Determines Range... 1-1 1.4 How Radar Determines Bearing... 1-1 1.5 Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rotation Speed ...
  • Page 5 MENU TREE... A-1 SPECIFICATIONS ... SP-1 INDEX ... index-1 Declaration of Conformity...

  • Page 6: Foreword

    While this unit can be installed by the purchaser, any purchaser who has doubts about his or her technical abilities may wish to have the unit installed by a FURUNO representative or other qualified technician. The importance of a thorough installation cannot be overemphasized.

  • Page 7: System Configuration

    Echo Sounder Gyro Converter Gyro- AD-100 compass Integrated Heading Sensor PG-1000 Option Antenna unit Ship's Mains 12-24 VDC MODEL 851 MARK-2 Remote Display FMD-811 External Alarm Buzzer OP03-169 Rectifier RU-3423 Ship's Mains 100/110/115 VAC 200/220/230 VAC 1 , 50/60 Hz...

  • Page 8: Principle Of Operation

    1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 1.1 What is Radar? The term "RADAR" is an acronym meaning RAdio Detection And Ranging. It is a device which measures the time it takes for a pulsed signal to be reflected back from an object. 1.2 How Ships Determined Position Before Radar The use of echoes to determine position...

  • Page 9: Radar Wave Speed And Antenna Rotation Speed

    1.5 Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rotation Speed The speed of the radar waves out to the target and back again as echoes is extremely fast compared to the speed of rotation of the antenna. By the time radar echoes have returned to the antenna, the amount of antenna rotation after initial transmission of the radar pulse is extremely small.

  • Page 10: Operation

    2. OPERATION 2.1 Control Description Registers selection on menus. Adjusts GAIN, STC, A.C RAIN and FTC. Adjusts display tone. Turns the EBL on/off. Plots targets' trails. Sets guard zone area. Selects display mode; erases heading error indication. MENU ECHO RANGE BRILL TONE RINGS...

  • Page 11: Display Indications And Markers

    2.2 Display Indications and Markers Range Range ring interval Presentation mode Off center CENTER Pulsewidth Heading marker Guard zone area Cursor 0.675 2.3 Turning the Radar On and Press the [POWER] key to turn the radar on or off. The control panel lights and a timer displays the time remaining for warm up of the magnetron (the device which produces radar pulses), counting down...

  • Page 12: Transmitting

    Note: When the heading signal is lost, the HDG readout at the top of the screen shows ***.*. This warning stays on when the heading signal is restored to warn the operator that the readout may be unreliable. After confirming the heading readout (if necessary, adjust it), the warning may be erased by pressing the [DISP MODE] key.

  • Page 13: Adjusting Control Panel

    2.7 Adjusting Control Panel Illumination Procedure 1. Press the [MENU] key. 2. Press the omnipad at 6 o’clock to select Backlight/Brilliance and press the [ENT] key. 3. Press the omnipad at 6 o’clock to select Panel. 4. Press the omnipad at 3 o’clock/9 o’clock to select illumination level;...

  • Page 14: Suppressing Rain Clutter

    How to adjust STC (suppressing sea clutter) Echoes from waves can be troublesome, covering the central part of the display with random signals known as sea clutter. The higher the waves, and the higher the antenna above the water, the further the clutter will extend.

  • Page 15: Tuning The Receiver

    Adjusting FTC To suppress rain clutter from heavy storms or scattered rain clutter, adjust the FTC among 0, 1 and 2 (0 is off). The FTC circuit splits up these unwanted echoes into a speckled pattern, making recognition of solid targets easier. FTC and selected level appear at the top right-hand corner of the display when the circuit is turned on.

  • Page 16: Measuring The Bearing

    By VRM 1. Press the [VRM] key to display the VRM. 2. Press the omnipad to place the VRM on the inside edge of the target. 3. Check the VRM readout at the bottom left-hand corner of the display to find the range to the target.

  • Page 17: Menu Operation

    Tips for measuring the bearing Bearing measurements of smaller targets are more accurate; the center of larger target echoes is not as easily identified. Bearings of stationary or slower moving targets are more accurate than bearings of faster moving targets. To minimize bearing errors keep echoes in the outer half of the picture by changing the range scale;...

  • Page 18: Menu Description

    Menu description Menu BACKLIGHT/BRILLIANCE MENU Select item and option keys. 1. Panel 1 2 3 2. Echo Trail ........Press HM-OFF to temporarily hide menu.

  • Page 19: Selecting The Display Mode

    2.13 Selecting the Display Mode The display mode may be selected with the [DISP MODE] key. Four modes are available (with navigation input): Normal, Normal + Window, Normal + Nav Data, and Normal + Window + Nav Data. Window Display Nav Display +CURSOR **.** NM ***.*˚R...

  • Page 20: The Window Display

    2.14 The Window Display The window display appears at the bottom left (or right) 1/4 of the display. Two types of window displays are available: zoom and wide. Zoom doubles the size of the area selected by the operator, and wide (range- up) compresses and displays the entire radar picture from the next higher range.

  • Page 21: Selecting The Presentation Mode

    2.15 Selecting the Presentation Mode This radar provides four presentation modes: head-up, course-up (course-up or waypoint-up; selectable on menu), north- up and true motion (requires heading sensor). Press the [DISP MODE] and [HM OFF] keys together to select a presentation mode.
  • Page 22 CAUTION The guard alarm is a useful anti-collision aid, but does not relieve the operator of the responsibility to also keep a visual lookout for possible collision situations. The alarm should never be used as the sole means for detecting possible collision situations. Selecting guard zone type The guard alarm can be set to sound on targets entering (guard in) or exiting (guard...

  • Page 23: Suppressing Radar Interference

    Canceling the guard zone Press and hold down the [GUARD] key until the guard zone disappears. Notes on the guard alarm When the radar range is less than one half of the guard zone range, the guard zone disappears from the display and G (IN) (or G (OUT)) is displayed in reverse video.

  • Page 24: Suppressing Noise Interference

    2.18 Suppressing Noise Interference Noise interference appears on the screen as many bright dots. These dots can be suppressed by turning on the noise rejector. Note however that there are some forms of noise interference which this radar cannot suppress. Procedure 1.

  • Page 25: Echo Trails

    2.21 Echo Trails You can show the trails of targets in afterglow. This function is useful for alerting you to possible collision situations. Starting echo trail Press the [TRAIL] key to start the echo trail function. Afterglow starts extending from targets and "TRAIL"...

  • Page 26: Navigation Data Display

    2.22 Navigation Data Display Navigation data can be displayed at the screen bottom if this radar receives appropriate navigation input in NMEA 0183 format. Navigation data includes Position in latitude and longitude or Loran-C time differences (TDs) Bearing and range to a waypoint selected on the navigator Cross track error (XTE-the amount in nautical miles and the direction the...

  • Page 27: Echo Stretch (Magnifying Long Range Echoes)

    10. Press the omnipad at 3 o'clock/9 o'clock to select M (meters), FA (fathoms) or FT (feet) as desired and press the [ENT] key. 11. Press the omnipad at 6 o'clock to select Temp Unit. 12. Press the omnipad at 3 o'clock/9 o'clock to select °C or °F as desired and press the [ENT] key.

  • Page 28: Selecting Unit Of Measurement For Range

    2.24 Selecting Unit of Measurement for Range The unit of measurement for the VRM and cursor can be nautical miles, kilometers, or statute miles. You may select unit desired as follows. 1. Press the [MENU] key. 2. Press the omnipad at 6 o’clock to select Mode &...

  • Page 29: Erasing The Heading Marker

    Canceling watchman 1. Press the [MENU] key. 2. Press the omnipad at 6 o’clock to select Mode & Function and press the [ENT] key. 3. Press the omnipad at 6 o’clock to select Watchman. 4. Press the omnipad at 3 o’clock/9 o’clock to select OFF.

  • Page 30: Outputting Cursor Position To Navigator

    Note 1: The depth display scale changes automatically with depth and the maximum depth is 1,000 meters. Note 2: The barometer display is updated hourly, thus the data shown may not be the latest. ST–BY (mbar/hPa) 1020 1010 1000 -12 -9 -6 (HOUR) BAROMETER DEPTH...

  • Page 31: Interpreting The Display

    3. INTERPRETING THE DISPLAY As an aid to navigation, radar can be a very valuable tool. No other electronic navigation aid can give you the ability to spot vessels coming at you in the fog, or tell you the location of the inlet to the harbor in the pitch black of night.

  • Page 32: Target Properties And Radar Wave Reflection

    3.2 Target Properties and Radar Wave Reflection Generally, larger targets can be seen on the radar display at greater ranges, provided line-of-sight exists between the scanner and target. However, a large target with poor reflecting properties may not be detected as easily as a smaller target with better reflecting properties.

  • Page 33: False Echoes

    Radar is able to display two distinct target echoes. Target Horizontal beamwidth Direction of scanner rotation Target Horizontal beamwidth Direction of scanner rotation Radar cannot display targets as separate echoes because they are within the beamwidth. Figure 3-3 Bearing resolution 3.5 False Echoes Occasionally false echoes appear on the screen at positions where there is no target.

  • Page 34: Indirect Echoes

    Indirect echoes Indirect echoes may be returned from either a passing ship or returned from a reflecting surface on your own ship, for example, a stack. In both cases, the echo will return from a legitimate contact to the antenna by the same indirect path. The echo will appear on the same bearing of the reflected surface, but at the same range as the direct echo.

  • Page 35: Sart

    3.6 SART Note: The SART (Search and Rescue Transponder) information below is excerpted from IMO SN/Circ 197 Operation of Marine Radar for SART Detection. A Search and Rescue Transponder (SART) may be triggered by any X-Band (3 cm) radar within a range of approximately 8 nm.
  • Page 36 Radar bandwidth This is normally matched to the radar pulselength and is usually switched with the range scale and the associated pulselength. Narrow bandwidths of 3-5 MHz are used with long pulses on long range and wide bandwidths of 10-25 MHz with short pulses on short ranges.

  • Page 37: Racon (Radar Beacon)

    3.7 Racon (Radar Beacon) A racon is a radar transponder which emits a characteristic signal when triggered by a ship’s radar (usually only the 3 centimeter band). The signal may be emitted on the same frequency as that of the triggering radar, in which case it is superimposed on the ship's radar display automatically.

  • Page 38: Maintenance & Troubleshooting

    4. MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING This chapter tells you how to keep your radar in good working order. Before reviewing this chapter please read the safety information which follows. WARNING Do not open the equipment. Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment. RF RADIATION HAZARD The radar antenna emits high frequency radio radiation which...

  • Page 39: Replacing The Fuse

    4.2 Replacing the Fuse The fuse in the power cable protects the equipment against reverse polarity of ship’s mains, overcurrent, and equipment fault. If the fuse blows, find the cause before replacing it. Never use an incorrect fuse– serious damage to equipment may result and void the warranty.

  • Page 40: Test

    4.5 Replacing the Magnetron When the magnetron has expired distant targets cannot be seen on the display. When you feel long range performance has decreased contact a FURUNO agent or dealer about replacement of the magnetron. Magnetron type: MG5248 (Code No. 000-116-121)

  • Page 41: Menu Tree

    MENU TREE [MENU] key 1. Backlight/Brilliance 2. P/L, IR, NR & Radar Mode 3. Nav Data 4. Mode & Function 5. Tuning ( AUTO , MANUAL) 6. Self Check (Checks equiment for proper operation.) 7. Installation Setup 1 (For installation use.) 1.

  • Page 42: Specifications

    (3) Modulator (4) Intermediate Frequency (5) Tuning (6) Magnetron (7) Receiver Front End (8) Bandwidth (9) Duplexer (10) Time of Heat-up MODEL 851 MARK-2 PPI Daylight display, raster scan, 4 tones in monochrome PRR (Hz approx.) 2100 1200 32 m 2.7º...
  • Page 43 4. DISPLAY UNIT (1) Picture Tube (2) Effective Area (3) Range, Range Interval, Number of Rings Range (NM) 0.125 0.25 Ring Interval (NM) 0.0625 0.125 0.125 0.25 0.25 0.5 0.5 1 1 2 2 3 4 6 12 12 Number of Rings (4) Markers (5) Alphanumeric Indications (6) Input Data...
  • Page 44 5. POWER SUPPLY (1) Rated Voltage/Current (2) Rectifier (option) 6. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION (1) Ambient Temperature (IEC 60945) (2) Relative Humidity (3) Waterproofing (IEC 60529) (4) Bearing Vibration 7. COATING COLOR (1) Display Unit (2) Scanner Unit 8. COMPASS SAFE DISTANCE (1) Display Unit (2) Scanner Unit 12-24 VDC: 5.0-2.5 A...

  • Page 45: Index

    INDEX A.C RAIN ...2-5 BRILL key ... 2-1, 2-3 Backlight/Brilliance menu ...2-9 Backlightings ...2-3 Bearing measurement ...2-7 Bearing resolution...3-2 Blind and shadow sectors ...3-4 Illumination ...2-4 Curse-up mode...2-12 Control panel ...2-1 Cursor ...2-2 Cursor position ...2-21 Cursor range...2-2 DISP MODE key... 2-1, 2-10-2-11 Display mode...2-10 EBL ...
  • Page 46 P/L, IR, & Radar menu ...2-9 POWER key ...2-1 Post Disp Mode ...2-17 Pulselength...2-15 RANGE key ... 2-1, 2-3 RINGS key... 2-1, 2-6 Radar horizon ...3-1 Radar wave ...3-1 Range Measuring ...2-6 Selecting ...2-3 Range resolution ...3-2 ST-BY TX key...2-3 STC ...2-4 Self test...4-3 Side-lobe echoes...3-3...

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