NETGEAR ProSafe GS108 User Manual page 115

Length
The maximum distance limitation between two pieces of equipment is 100 m, as per the original
Ethernet specification. The end-to-end link is called the "channel."
TSB-67 defines the "Basic Link" which is the portion of the link that is part of the building
infrastructure. This excludes patch and equipment cords. The maximum basic link length is 295
feet (90 m).
Return Loss
Return loss measures the amount of reflected signal energy resulting from impedance changes in
the cabling link. The nature of 1000BASE-T renders this measurement very important; if too much
energy is reflected back on to the receiver, the device does not perform optimally.
Unlike 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX, which use only two of the four pairs of wires within the
Category 5, 1000BASE-T uses all four pairs of the twisted pair. Make sure all wires are tested ⎯
this is important.
Factors that affect the return loss are:
• The number of transition points, as there is a connection via an RJ-45 to another connector, a
patch panel, or device at each transition point.
• Removing the jacket that surrounds the four pairs of twisted cable. It is highly recommended
that, when RJ-45 connections are made, this is minimized to 1-1/4 inch (32 mm).
• Untwisting any pair of the twisted-pair cabling. It is important that any untwisting be
minimized to 3/8 inch (10 mm) for RJ-45 connections.
• Cabling or bundling of multiple Category 5 cables. This is regulated by ANSI/EIA/TIA-568A-
3. If not correctly implemented, this can adversely affect all cabling parameters.
Near End Cross Talk (NEXT)
This is a measure of the signal coupling from one wire to another, within a cable assembly, or
among cables within a bundle. NEXT measures the amount of cross-talk disturbance energy that is
detected at the near end of the link—the end where the transmitter is located. NEXT measures the
amount of energy that is "returned" to the sender end. The factors that affect NEXT and cross talk
are exactly the same as outlined in the Return Loss section. The cross-talk performance is directly
related to the quality of the cable installation.
Network Cabling
GS108T Smart Switch Software Administration Manual
v1.0, May 2007
C-5