Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall - ZyXEL Communications ZyXEL ZyWALL 2WE User Manual

A similar situation exists for ICMP, except that the ZyWALL is even more restrictive. Specifically, only
outgoing echoes will allow incoming echo replies, outgoing address mask requests will allow incoming
address mask replies, and outgoing timestamp requests will allow incoming timestamp replies. No other
ICMP packets are allowed in through the firewall, simply because they are too dangerous and contain too
little tracking information. For instance, ICMP redirect packets are never allowed in, since they could be used
to reroute traffic through attacking machines.
13.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols
Some higher layer protocols (such as FTP and RealAudio) utilize multiple network connections
simultaneously. In general terms, they usually have a "control connection" which is used for sending
commands between endpoints, and then "data connections" which are used for transmitting bulk information.
Consider the FTP protocol. A user on the LAN opens a control connection to a server on the Internet and
requests a file. At this point, the remote server will open a data connection from the Internet. For FTP to
work properly, this connection must be allowed to pass through even though a connection from the Internet
would normally be rejected.
In order to achieve this, the ZyWALL inspects the application-level FTP data. Specifically, it searches for
outgoing "PORT" commands, and when it sees these; it adds a cache entry for the anticipated data
connection. This can be done safely, since the PORT command contains address and port information, which
can be used to uniquely identify the connection.
Any protocol that operates in this way must be supported on a case-by-case basis. You can use the web
configurator's Custom Ports feature to do this.

13.6 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall

1. Change the default password via SMT or web configurator.
2. Think about access control before you connect a console port to the network in any way, including
attaching a modem to the port. Be aware that a break on the console port might give unauthorized
individuals total control of the firewall, even with access control configured.
3. Limit who can telnet into your router.
4. Don't enable any local service (such as SNMP or NTP) that you don't use. Any enabled service could
present a potential security risk. A determined hacker might be able to find creative ways to misuse the
enabled services to access the firewall or the network.
5. For local services that are enabled, protect against misuse. Protect by configuring the services to
communicate only with specific peers, and protect by configuring rules to block packets for the services
at specific interfaces.
6. Protect against IP spoofing by making sure the firewall is active.
Firewalls
ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE
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